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| Analysis on Fruit Character Diversity of Longan （Dimocarps longan Lour）Germplasm Resources |
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| DOI：10.16768/j.issn.1004-874X.2022.01.004 |
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】In order to provide a theoretical basis for quality improvement and utilization of longan
germplasm resources and the breeding of new varieties, the data of fruit phenotypic characters of 99 longan germplasm
resources were analyzed and the genetic diversity among varieties was discussed.【Method】Classification of fruit
quantitative characters of 99 longan varieties were investigated by Q-cluster analysis, R-cluster analysis and principal
component analysis.【Result】82 variation phenotypes were counted in 24 descriptive characters, six variation phenotypes
were observed in fruit color and pulp texture, two variation phenotypes were observed in fruit top shape, and the number of
average variation phenotypes was up to 3.42. The frequency of each variation phenotype was different. The average frequency of 5 variation phenotypes of freestone, slag melting, absence oft aril flavour, ellipse in seed top shape and non-cracking fruits
was more than 60%. Among 21 quantitative characters, the variation coefficient ranged from 0.04 to 0.93. The genetic variation
coefficients of related spike characters were larger than those of the quality characters. Correlation analysis showed that the
content of soluble solids was extremely significant positive correlated with that of total sugar, sucrose, Vc, acid and reducing
sugar. Single fruit weight was extremely significant negative correlated with the soluble solids content, Vc content, reducing
sugar content and acid content, and extremely significant positive correlated with edible rate. The result of Q-cluster analysis
showed that 99 longan germplasm resources were divided into 4 groups based on fruit phenotype characters, and there were
obvious differences in fruit character indexes among various groups. The results of principal component analysis showed that
the cumulative contribution rate of the first 15 principal components was 85.956%, which could basically express the genetic
information represented by 45 characters. The contribution rate of the first principal component was 12.071%, which mainly
reflected the fruit size, appearance quality and ear characteristics; the contribution rate of the second principal component
was 9.465%, which mainly reflected the internal quality of fruit and seed characters.【Conclusion】Significant variations
were found in the fruit phenotypic character indexes of 99 longan germplasm resources, and the frequency of each phenotypic
variation was also different, showing obvious genetic diversity. |
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