| Banana is an important economic crop and food crop in tropical and subtropical regions, and it is a fruit
with the largest production, trade volume and trade value among the fresh fruits in the world. The sustainable development
of banana industry is of great significance to promote the rural revitalization in China and even the agricultural economic development in the tropical areas of the world. The main banana producing and exporting countries are mainly concentrated
in Asia and America. In 2020, the harvest area and production of bananas in the world were 5.2035 million hm2
and 119.8337
million tons respectively, which increased by 24.58% and 72.57% respectively compared to 2001. The main producing
countries were India, China, Indonesia, Brazil and Ecuador. At present, there are about 200 countries or regions importing
bananas in the world. In 2020, the import value and import quantity of bananas in the world were 23. 3761 million tons and
15.607 billion USD respectively, increasing by 71.42% and 165.06% respectively compared with 2001. The main importing
countries were the United States, China, Russia, Germany and Finland. In 2020, the export volume and value of bananas in the
world were 24.497 million tons and 13.356 billion USD respectively, increasing by 67.93% and 218.03% respectively compared
with 2001. The main exporting countries were Ecuador, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Colombia and the Philippines. China is the
second largest banana producer and importer in the world. In 2020, the production and import volume of bananas were 11.8726
million tons and 1.8192 million tons respectively, accounting for 9.91% and 7.78% of the world respectively. According to the
forecast of banana production and trade data of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), the banana
production and trade volume in the world show a steady growth trend. And it is predicted that the banana production, import
and export volume in the world will reach 159.6448 million tons, 31.0514 million tons and 32.1941 million tons respectively
in 2030, increasing by 33.22%, 32.83% and 31.42% respectively compared with 2020. At the same time, the world banana
industry is facing challenges such as global climate change, banana wilt and soil acidification in banana planting areas. Carrying
out breeding cooperation of banana varieties with disease resistance, stress resistance and high yield, and strengthening joint
research and development of green, high-quality and efficient banana production technology will contribute to the sustainable
development of banana industry and promote the quality safety of bananas and food security in the world. |
