| 沈会芳，蒲小明，张景欣，孙大元，林壁润.两种稻田除草剂引起的烟草药害及替代除草剂筛选试验[J].广东农业科学,2019,46(1):84-90 |
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两种稻田除草剂引起的烟草药害及替代除草剂筛选试验 |
| Phototoxicity of Two Paddy Herbicides on Tobacco and Screening of Alternative Herbicides |
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| DOI：10.16768/j.issn.1004-874X.2019.01.013 |
| 中文关键词: 烟草 二氯喹啉酸 苄嘧磺隆 替代除草剂 药害 |
| 英文关键词: tobacco Quinclorac Bensulfuron-methyl Alternative herbicide phototoxicity |
| 基金项目:广东省烟草科技计划项目（粤烟科专项 201407，粤烟科专项 201701） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 【目的】筛选目前已引起药害的二氯喹啉酸和磺隆类除草剂替代品种。【方法】通过盆栽试验研
究二氯喹啉酸和苄嘧磺隆对后茬作物烟草生长的影响。【结果】两种稻田除草剂均可对后茬烟草的株高、叶长
和叶宽产生影响。其中，二氯喹啉酸对叶宽抑制最明显，严重时造成叶片狭长呈线型，失去商业价值，当土壤
中二氯喹啉酸为 2×10-4 mg/kg 时，烟草叶宽抑制率达 10% 以上；苄嘧磺隆主要造成植株矮小，单株叶片数量减少，
降低烟叶产量，土壤中苄嘧磺隆为 2×10-3 mg/kg 时，烟草株高抑制率在 10% 以上。【结论】乳氧禾草灵可替
代磺隆类除草剂防治阔叶类杂草，对后茬作物烟草安全；丁草胺可替代二氯喹啉酸防治禾本科杂草；乙羧氟草
醚对禾本科和阔叶类杂草防效较好，对水稻和后茬作物烟草安全，可替代磺隆类除草剂和二氯喹啉酸在水稻田
中使用。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| 【Objective】To choose the safe herbicides, the field experiments were carried out.【Method】The pot
experiment were conducted to study the influence on the growth of tobacco caused by two paddy herbicides. 【Result】The
results indicated that Quinclorac and Bensulfuron-methyl could affected the height, leaf length and leaf width of tobacco.
Quinclorac had significant effect on leaf width and made the blades to be narrow and linear with no commercial value. The
inhibition rate of leaf width was up to 10% when the concentration of quinclorac in soil was 2×10-4 mg/kg. Moreover, the
influence of Bensulfuron-methyl mainly included that plant dwarfed leaf number decreased and production dropped. The
inhibition rate on plant height was more than 10% in case of 2×10-3 mg/kg Bensulfuron-methyl concentration in soil.
【Conclusion】The result showed that Benzoicacid could be used as alternation agent to control broadleaf weeds instead of
Bensulfuron-methyl. Butachlor could control gramineous weeds instead of Quinclorac. Fluoroglycofen-ethyl could control
gramineous weeds and broadleaf weeds instead of Quinclorac and Bensulfuron-methy. Thus, three herbicides (Benzoicacid,
Butachlor, Fluoroglycofen-ethyl) would be used in rice filed safely and no influence on stubble crop tobacco. |
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