| 林威鹏 1
，郜礼阳 1
，凌彩金 1
，赖榕辉 2，陈汉林 3，王捷才4，周巧仪 1
，刘淑媚 1.广东省茶叶主产区杂草防控技术及成本研究[J].广东农业科学,2019,46(12):147-152 |
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广东省茶叶主产区杂草防控技术及成本研究 |
| Study on Technology and Cost of Weed Control in Main Tea Producing Areas of Guangdong Province |
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| DOI：10.16768/j.issn.1004-874X.2019.12.019 |
| 中文关键词: 茶园 调查 杂草防控 成本 人工除草 |
| 英文关键词: tea plantation investigation weed control cost artificial weeding |
| 基金项目:广东省现代农业产业技术体系创新团队项目（2019LM1094）；广东省乡村振兴和农业科技创新项目（2019DZX014） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 【目的】明确广东省茶叶主产区杂草防控策略与成本，为控草技术研发、改进和推广提供参考依
据。【方法】通过调查问卷和实地走访相结合的方式，对广东省茶叶主产区茶企 ( 茶农 ) 所采用控草方式、次数、
成本和期望成本，以及对绿色控草技术的认知度与接受程度等进行调查。【结果】结果表明，广东省茶叶主产
区控草策略以人工除草为主（93.94%），机械除草次之（42.93%），化学除草约占 8.59%，而绿色控草技术如
覆盖稻草、覆盖防草布、间作绿肥等仅占 4.55%~7.07%。年均控草成本 11507.55 元 /hm2，平均除草次数 4.16 次，
期望年均控草成本 6512.55 元 /hm2。各项控草技术中，纯化学农药控草年均成本最低，约为 2 805 元 /hm2，纯
人工控草年均成本最高，约为 12 525 元 /hm2，人工 + 绿肥、人工 + 地膜（防草布）等绿色控草模式成本介于
7 500~8 985 元 /hm2。绿色控草技术接受程度为 84%，实际使用率不到 10%。【结论】广东省茶叶主产区以人
工除草为主，成本偏高，茶企 ( 茶农 ) 接受绿色控草技术意愿高，但实际使用率偏低。因此需进一步简化现有
绿色控草技术实施难度，制定杂草防控规程，并加强绿色控草技术的宣传和推广。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| 【Objective】The strategy and cost of weed control in the main tea producing areas of Guangdong Province
were clarified, which provides a reference for the research, improvement and promotion of weed management technologies.【Method】Through questionnaire survey and field visits, the weed control methods, frequency, costs and expected costs
adopted by tea enterprises (tea farmers) in the main tea producing areas of Guangdong Province，as well as the awareness
and acceptance of green weed management technologies were investigated.【Result】The results showed that, in the main
tea producing areas of Guangdong Province, the dominant strategy was artificial weeding (93.94%), followed by mechanical
weeding (42.93%) and chemical weeding (8.59%), while green weeding control technologies such as straw mulching, weed cloth
mulching and intercropping green manure only accounted for 4.55%-7.07%. The average annual cost of weed management was
11 507.55 yuan/hm2 and the average frequency of weeding was 4.16 times. The average annual cost of weed management was
expected to be 6 512.55 yuan/hm2. Among all weed control technologies，the annual average cost of weed control with pure
chemical pesticides was the lowest(about 2, 805 yuan/hm2) and the annual average cost of pure artificial weed control was the
highest (about 12 525 yuan/hm2). The costs of artificial weeding + green manure，artificial weeding + plastic film (weed control
cloth) and other green weed control modes were between 7,500 and 8,985 yuan/hm2. The acceptance of green weed management
technologies was 84%，while the actual utilization rate was less than 10%.【Conclusion】Artificial weeding with high cost is
the dominant weed control method in the main tea producing areas of Guangdong Province. Tea enterprises (tea farmers) have
high willingness to accept green weed management technologies, but the actual utilization rate is low. Therefore, it is necessary
to further simplify the implementation difficulty of the existing green weed management technologies, formulate weed control
regulations and strengthen the publicity and promotion of green weed management technologies. |
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