| 陈 敏 1,2，王 丹 1,2，闵可怜 1,2，湛晓蝶 1,2，刘 玲 1.三叶草作为 Sr、Cs 污染指示植物的效应研究[J].广东农业科学,2020,47(2):83-91 |
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三叶草作为 Sr、Cs 污染指示植物的效应研究 |
| Study on the Effect of Trifolium pratense L. as an Indicator Plant of Sr and Cs Pollution |
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| DOI：10.16768/j.issn.1004-874X.2020.02.012 |
| 中文关键词: 三叶草 放射性污染 核素 Sr、Cs 敏感植物 MDA 含量 叶绿素含量 生物监测 |
| 英文关键词: Trifolium pratense L. radioactive contamination nuclides Sr, CS sensitive plants MDA content chlorophyll content biological monitoring |
| 基金项目:四川省民用核技术公共服务平台（2019JDPT0044） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 【目的】通过盆栽水培试验，探究三叶草（Trifolium pratense L.）对 Sr、Cs 的敏感性和生理特性。
【方法】试验设置 Sr、Cs 和 Sr+Cs 3 种处理，每种处理设 0、0.1、0.5、1、2 mg/L 5 个浓度梯度。测定各浓度处
理下三叶草植株冠径、单株叶面积和生物量等生长指标，叶片叶绿素含量和 MDA 含量等生理生化指标以及三叶
草地上、地下部分对 Sr、Cs 吸收情况。通过对比不同处理间各指标的差异，研究三叶草对 Sr、Cs 的敏感特性。
【结果】在 Sr 处理下，三叶草单株叶面积显著增加，叶片 MDA 含量随处理浓度升高而逐渐升高，其中 1.0 mg/L
Sr 处理下的 MDA 含量显著高于对照。在 Cs 和 Sr+Cs 处理下，三叶草植株的生长和形态指标如植株冠径、单株叶
面积、地上部生物量均受到严重抑制，分别降低 28.0%~35.0% 和 29.5%~37.1%、31.6%~41.7% 和 16.8%~21.1%、
44.0%~48.0% 和 47.0%~56.0%；三叶草叶片 MDA 含量随处理浓度的升高逐渐增加，叶片也逐渐黄化。同时，三
叶草对 Cs 的吸收量远远大于对 Sr 的吸收，且 Sr、Cs 主要积累于地上部。【结论】三叶草对 Cs 敏感，在生理水
平上表现为叶绿素含量降低，叶片 MDA 积累增加；在个体水平上表现为单株叶面积减小、生物量降低、生长受
到抑制以及叶片出现特征性黄化现象，具有作为 Cs 污染指示植物的潜力。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| 【Objective】Trifolium pratense L. was used as tested material to explore the sensitivity and
physiological characteristics to Sr and Cs through pot hydroponic experiment.【Method】Three treatments, Sr, Cs
and Sr+Cs, were set up in the experiment. 5 concentration gradients were set in each treatment, including 0 mg/L,
0.1 mg/L, 0.5 mg/L, 1 mg/L and 2 mg/L. Under the treatments of different concentrations, the growth indexes such
as canopy diameter, leaf area per plant and biomass of clover plants, physiological and biochemical indexes such
as chlorophyll content and MDA content in leaves, and the absorption of Sr and Cs in above-ground and underground parts of clover were measured. In this paper, the sensitivity of clover to Sr and Cs was studied by comparingthe differences of various indexes among different treatments.【Result】Under the treatment of Sr, leaf area per plant of clover
increased significantly, while MDA content in leaves increased gradually with the increase of treatment concentration. When treated
with 1.0 mg/L Sr, MDA content was significantly higher than that of the control group. Under the treatments of Cs and Sr+Cs, the
growth and morphological indicators of clover plants, such as plant crown diameter, leaf area per plant, and above-ground biomass,
were severely inhibited, which decreased by 28.0%-35.0% and 29.5%-37.1%, 31.6%-41.7% and 16.8%-21.1%, 44.0%-48.0%
and 47.0%-56.0%, respectively. In addition, MDA content increased gradually with the increase of treatment concentration, and the
leaves of clover also tended to be yellow. At the same time, the amount of Cs absorbed by clover was much higher than that of Sr, and
Sr and Cs were mainly accumulated in the above-ground part.【Conclusion】The clover was sensitive to Cs, which showed a decrease
in chlorophyll content and an increase in MDA accumulation in leaves at physiological level, and a decrease in leaf area per plant and
biomass, inhibition in growth and etiolation in leaves at individual level. It had the potential to be an indicator plant of Cs pollution. |
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