| 郭 靖，刘锐英，孔令枝，肖 榕，黄红英.粤北地区 3 种生境红火蚁蚁丘分布及影响因素[J].广东农业科学,2020,47(2):110-117 |
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粤北地区 3 种生境红火蚁蚁丘分布及影响因素 |
| Distribution and Influencing Factor of Ant Mound of Solenopsisinvicta under Three Habitats in Northern Guangdong |
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| DOI：10.16768/j.issn.1004-874X.2020.02.015 |
| 中文关键词: 红火蚁 生境 蚁丘 分布型 密度 |
| 英文关键词: Solenopsis invicta habitat ant mound distribution pattern density |
| 基金项目:广东省基础研究及应用研究重大项目（2017KZDXM077）；广东省普通高校青年创新人才项目（2018KQNCX235）；韶关学院重点科研项目（SZ2018KJ01） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 【目的】研究红火蚁在粤北地区不同生境中红火蚁蚁丘的分布特征，为该虫的监测、防治提供科学
依据。【方法】采用样方方法调查 3 种生境（荒地、田埂、草坪）红火蚁蚁丘的密度和大小，采用聚集度指标
法和 Taylor 幂函数回归模型对蚁丘的空间分布型进行研究，并对荒地生境蚁丘密度和植物多样性进行相关性分
析。【结果】田埂蚁丘密度明显高于荒地和草坪，高达 18.67 个 /100 m2，超过草坪生境蚁丘密度的 10 倍；荒地、
田埂和草坪生境蚁丘基部周长相差不明显，但荒地生境蚁巢高度明显高于田埂和草坪；通过聚集度指标和 Taylor
幂函数来看，荒地和田埂生境蚁丘多表现为均匀分布或随机分布，而草坪生境蚁丘多表现为聚集分布；研究发
现粤北地区红火蚁入侵并未造成荒地生境植物多样性下降。【结论】受人为干扰等因素影响，红火蚁在粤北地
区不同生境发生程度由重到轻依次为田埂、荒地、草坪；蚁丘在荒地和田埂上多呈均匀分布或随机分布，在草
坪上多呈聚集分布，这种分布差异主要是由人为干扰和红火蚁筑巢习性共同引起的；红火蚁蚁丘密度与荒地中
植物多样性呈正相关趋势 , 但相关性不显著。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| 【Objective】The distribution characteristics of ant mound of Solenopsis invicta under different habitats in
northern Guangdong were studied to provide scientific basis for the surveillance and control of S. invicta.【Method】The
quadrat method was used to investigate the density and size of ant mound of S. invicta under three different habitats (i.e.,
wasteland, ridge and lawn), and the spatial distribution pattern of ant mound was analyzed by aggregation index method and
Taylor power law. Moreover, the correlation analysis was conducted to explore the relationship between ant mound density
and plant diversity on wasteland. 【Result】The ant mound density on the ridge was up to 18.67 mounds per 100 square
meters (over ten times than that on lawn), which was significantly higher than that on wasteland and lawn. The perimeter of
basal ant mound was similar in these three habitats, but the height of ant nest on wasteland was higher than that on ridge
and lawn. Based on the results of aggregation indices and Taylor power law, the spatial distribution pattern of ant mound
on wasteland and ridge basically belonged to uniform or random distribution, but the ant mound tended to be aggregateddistribution on lawn. Besides, the invasion of S. invicta in northern Guangdong has not caused a decline of plant diversity on
wasteland.【Conclusion】Affected by factors such as human disturbance, the order of occurrence degree of S. invicta from
severe to moderate under different habitats in northern Guangdong was ridge, wasteland and lawn. The spatial pattern of ant
mound was basically aggregated distribution on lawn but tended to be uniform or random distribution on wasteland and ridge,
such differences in distribution were mainly caused by human disturbance and nesting habits of S. invicta. The ant mound
density of S. invicta was positively correlated with the plant biodiversity on wasteland, but the correlation was not significant. |
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