| Potato is the fourth largest food crop in China. It is rich in starch, protein and vitamins, and it plays an important role in ensuring national food security, improving the dietary nutrition of people and promoting regional economic development. The potato planting areas in China are mainly divided into the northern single cropping area, the southwestern single cropping and double cropping mixed area, the central China double cropping area and the southern winter cropping area. However, almost all production areas are suffering cold stress, resulting in reduced or even complete loss in harvest. Cold stress is divided into chilling stress and freezing stress. Chilling stress can affect the photosynthesis, root activity and tuber formation of potatoes. Under freezing stress, potato leaves and stems wilt and even die, the main stems branch and grow unevenly, and it is subject to susceptible bacteria, which seriously affect the yield. Currently, the researches on potato cold resistance mainly focus on the establishment of cold resistance evaluation system, evaluation of resources cold resistance, preliminary excavation of cold resistance genes and cultivation techniques. The research progresses in the analysis of potato cold resistance mechanism and breeding are still slow. In order to provide theoretical basis for the breeding of new varieties of cold-tolerant potato and the high-quality development of the industry, this review summarized the research on potato cold resistance from the aspects of cold-tolerant germplasm resources, physiological and molecular mechanisms and cultivation technologies. |
