| 陈谭星，高正龙，曹力凡，颜慧萍，谢晓阳，孟庆法，王洋，王品胜.构树育苗影响因素研究进展[J].广东农业科学,2021,48(3):72-80 |
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构树育苗影响因素研究进展 |
| Research Progress on Influencing Factors of Paper Mulberry Seedling Raising |
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| DOI：10.16768/j.issn.1004-874X.2021.03.009 |
| 中文关键词: 构树 播种育苗 扦插 组织培养 |
| 英文关键词: paper mulberry sowing and seedling cuttage tissue culture |
| 基金项目:河南省科学院重大科研项目聚焦专项（190114002） |
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| 摘要点击次数: 1514 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 科学有效的育苗技术是构树品种选育、推广种植的基础，了解影响构树育苗的因素，对构树的种苗生产及推广种植具有重要意义。收集、整理了近 10 余年来构树育苗的现状与研究进展，从播种、扦插、组织培养 3 种育苗方法入手分析影响构树育苗的主要因素。结果显示，从成熟果分离的构树种子萌芽率最高，用H2SO4（浓）、NaCl、NAA、GA3 处理均可提高构树种子发芽率，30 ℃时适合构树种子萌发，水势在 0~-0.6 MPa之间种子可以萌发。木质化程度适中的插穗有利于构树扦插生根，经 ABT 1 号生根剂和 IBA 处理的插穗可提高生根率。在组织培养育苗中，常用的外植体消毒剂是 70% 酒精 +HgCl2；胚性愈伤组织及体细胞胚诱导常用的植物生长调节剂有 TDZ、2,4-D 、6-BA 和 NAA；器官发生常用的植物生长调节剂是 6-BA 和 NAA，愈伤组织及芽的诱导常用的基础培养基为 MS，生根培养常用的基础培养基为 1/2MS。近年来有关构树育苗的多项研究具有较强的先进性和实用性，可有效提高育苗成活率，但育苗过程中存在生产成本高、育苗周期长等一系列问题，应
在构树育苗技术各个环节进行深入研究，探索出一套优质高效的繁殖技术，为构树的大量繁殖和工厂化育苗提供参考。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Scientific and effective seedling raising technology is the basis for the selection and promotion of paper mulberry (Broussonetia papyrifera) varieties. Understanding the factors that influence the seedling raising of paper mulberry is of great significance to the production and promotion of paper mulberry seedlings. The paper collected and sorted out the current situation and research progress of paper mulberry seedlings in the past 10 years, and analyzed the main factors that influence the breeding of paper mulberry from three seedling raising methods: sowing, cutting and tissue culture. The results showed that the germination rate of paper mulberry seeds isolated from mature fruit was the highest. Treatments with H2SO4, NaCl, NAA and GA3 could increase the germination rate of paper mulberry seeds. The suitable temperature for the germination of paper mulberry seeds was 30℃ , and seeds could germinate when the water potential was between 0 and-0.6 MPa. Cuttings with a moderate degree of lignification were conducive to rooting of cuttings. The cuttings treated with ABT1 rooting agents and IBA could increase the rooting rate. In tissue culture seedlings, the commonly used disinfectant for explants was 70% alcohol + HgCl2; the commonly used plant growth regulators for embryogenic callus and somatic embryo induction included TDZ, 2, 4-D, 6-BA and NAA. The commonly used plant growth regulators for organogenesis were 6-BA and NAA, the basic medium for callus and bud induction was MS, and the basic medium for rooting culture was 1/2 MS. In recent years, a number of researches on seedling raising have strong advancement and practicability, which can effectively improve the survival rate of seedlings. However, there are a series of problems in the process of seedling raising, such as high production cost and long seedling cycle. Therefore, we should make in-depth research in all aspects of paper mulberry seedling raising technology, and explore a set of efficient propagation techniques to provide references for the mass propagation and industrialized seedling raising of the paper mulberry. |
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