| 杨梯丰，张子怡，董景芳，周 炼，张少红，刘 斌，赵均良.水稻低温发芽力 QTL qLTG3-1 基因内分子标记的开发及其在华南籼稻中的应用评价[J].广东农业科学,2021,48(10):32-41 |
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水稻低温发芽力 QTL qLTG3-1 基因内分子标记的开发及其在华南籼稻中的应用评价 |
| Development of Intragenic Molecular Marker in QTL qLTG3-1 Related to Low Temperature Germinability of Rice and Evaluation of Its Application in Indica Rice of South China |
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| DOI：10.16768/j.issn.1004-874X.2021.10.004 |
| 中文关键词: 分子标记 数量性状基因座位 分子标记辅助选择 低温发芽力 qLTG3-1 水稻 |
| 英文关键词: molecular marker QTL molecular marker-assisted selection low temperature germinability qLTG3-1 rice |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金（32072047）；广东省自然科学基金（2020A1515011051）；广州市科技计划项目（201804020078）；广东省科技计划国际合作项目（2021A0505030048）；广东省农业科学院院长基金（202016） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 【目的】挖掘低温发芽力优异基因并加以应用，将是水稻低温发芽力育种取得突破的关键。找到
功能基因后，利用连锁或基因内的分子标记开展分子标记辅助选择，将极大提高育种过程中性状选择的效率和
准确性。【方法】qLTG3-1（Os03g0103300）是最早被克隆的低温发芽力 QTL，存在丰富的等位基因变异。设
计合适的分子标记对该基因进行分型，并评价其基因型在华南籼稻中与低温发芽力的关系，将有利于在华南稻
区利用该基因开展低温发芽力的分子育种。【结果】依据在 qLTG3-1 中广泛存在的 18 bp 变异，设计了基因内
分子标记 Gltg3-1，该标记能特异区分 qLTG3-1 等位基因之间的 18 bp 差异；利用该标记对 111 份华南籼稻进行
基因型鉴定，扩增结果为 D 带型（有 18 bp 缺失）有 51 份，R 带型（无 18 bp 缺失）有 53 份，还有 7 份为杂合
型。依据带型将水稻品种 / 系分为 2 组，统计 2 组品种 / 系的低温发芽力差异，结果表明组间无显著差异。由于
在籼稻中无法根据 qLTG3-1 的 18 bp 变异判定低温发芽力的强弱，因此在水稻品种改良中需要对不同供体来源
的 qLTG3-1 等位基因的效应进行评价。通过对单片段代换系的低温发芽力鉴定发现，来源于南洋占的 qLTG3-1
能显著提高华粳籼 74 的低温发芽力。【结论】在 qLTG3-1 中广泛存在的 18 bp 变异与低温发芽力无对应关系；
来源于南洋占的 qLTG3-1 可用于提高水稻低温发芽力的改良，用分子标记 Gltg3-1 可以在杂交后代中准确地选
择目标基因。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| 【Objective】Exploring excellent genes for low temperature germinability in rice and applying these
genes to perform molecular breeding will be the key to make a breakthrough in rice breeding for low temperature
germinability. After finding the functional gene, molecular markers linked to the target gene or within the target gene are
used to carry out molecular marker-assisted selection, which will greatly improve the efficiency and accuracy of target trait selection in the breeding process.【Method】qLTG3-1（Os03g0103300）is the first cloned QTL related to low te
mperature germinability, which has abundant allelic variations. Designing appropriate molecular markers to type the gene
and evaluating the relationship between its genotype and low temperature germinability in indica rice will facilitate the use of
this gene in molecular breeding of low temperature germinability in rice regions of South China.【Result】Based on the 18
bp variation widely existing in the qLTG3-1, an intragenic molecular marker Gltg3-1 was designed, which could specifically
distinguish the 18 bp variation between the qLTG3-1 alleles. 111 indica rice of South China were genotyped by using this
marker. The amplification results showed that 51 were of D-band type（with 18 bp deletion）, 53 were of R-band type
（without 18 bp deletion）and 7 were heterozygous. The rice varieties/lines were divided into 2 groups according to the band
patterns, and there was no significant difference in low temperature germinability between the two groups. In indica rice, it is
impossible to judge the strength and weakness of low temperature germinability according to the 18 bp variation of qLTG3-
1. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the effects of qLTG3-1 alleles from different sources in rice variety improvement.
Through the identification of low temperature germinability of single segment substitution line, it was found that qLTG3-1
derived from Nanyangzhan could significantly improve the low temperature germinability of Huajingxian 74.【Conclusion】
There is no corresponding relationship between the 18 bp variation of qLTG3-1 and low temperature germinability. The
qLTG3-1 derived from Nanyangzhan can be used to improve the low temperature germinability of rice. The molecular marker
Gltg3-1 can accurately select the target gene in the offspring derived from the cross between two rice parents. |
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