opaque-2 基因导入甜糯玉米表型分析及导入系群体初步创制

张惠惠; 李余良; 刘建华

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张惠惠，李余良，刘建华.opaque-2 基因导入甜糯玉米表型分析及导入系群体初步创制[J].广东农业科学,2021,48(12):9-15

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Phenotype Analysis of opaque-2 Gene Introduced into Sweet-waxy Maize and Preliminary Construction of Near-isogenic Lines

DOI：10.16768/j.issn.1004-874X.2021.12.002

中文关键词: Opaque-2 基因甜糯玉米分子标记辅助选择近等基因系赖氨酸

英文关键词: opaque-2 gene sweet and waxy maize molecular marker-assisted selection (MAS) near-isogenic lines lysine

基金项目:广东省现代农业产业技术体系创新团队项目（2020KJ106，2021KJ106）；广东省农业科学院农业优势产业学科团队建设项目（202115TD）

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张惠惠，李余良，刘建华

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中文摘要:

【目的】甜糯玉米是华南地区重要的经济作物，但籽粒中赖氨酸含量低，探索研究 opaque2（o2）导入对甜糯玉米籽粒表型及赖氨酸积累的影响。【方法】通过常规杂交方法在甜糯玉米中引入 o2 基因，利用 o2 基因内紧密连锁的 SSR 共显性标记检测供体和甜糯玉米受体自交系的多态性，利用其特异性和共显性检测回交自交后代。【结果】投射光下供体亲本 HP3 籽粒表现不透光，受体材料透光性良好；杂交穗当代表现不同基因型籽粒分离，出现硬质、皱缩等表型，回交子代籽粒透光性明显降低，可能与 o2 基因存在有关。对 o2 基因的 3 对 SSR 标记 umc1066、phi112 和 phi057 筛选，只有标记 phi057 在供体和受体自交系中呈现良好的多态性，进一步研究发现，在回交和自交后代中能够检测到供体的 o2 突变基因成功导入甜糯玉米受体自交系。【结论】通过子代籽粒表型及 SSR 标记 phi057 筛选鉴定，初步创制了 Opaque-2 甜 / 糯玉米早代群体系；SSR 标记 phi057 筛选出 F1 与 BC1 代 o2 基因植株，说明 phi057 标记可有效区分含 o2 基因植株。

英文摘要:

【Objective】Sweet-waxy maize is an important cash crop in South China, but the content of lysine in its grain is low. The effects of opaque2 (o2) introduction on grain phenotype and lysine accumulation of sweet-waxy maize were studied. 【Method】The o2 gene was introduced into sweet-waxy maize by conventional hybridization, the polymorphism of donor and sweet-waxy maize receptor inbred lines was detected by SSR codominant markers closely linked in o2 gene, and the backcross inbred offspring were detected by its specificity and codominant.【Result】Under projection light, the seeds of donor parent HP3 were opaque, and the light transmittance of recipient material was good. The hybrid panicle showed grain separation of different genotypes, hard and wrinkled phenotypes, and the grain light transmittance of backcross offspring decreased significantly, which may be related to the existence of o2 gene. Through the screening of three pairs of SSR markers umc1066, phi112 and phi057 of o2 gene, only marker phi057 showed good polymorphism in donor and recipient inbred lines. Further study found that the o2 mutant gene of donor could be detected in backcross and inbred offspring, and successfully introduced into sweet-waxy maize receptor inbred lines.【Conclusion】 The early generation group system of o2 sweet / waxy maize was preliminarily created. The o2 gene plants of F1 and BC1 were screened by SSR marker phi057, indicating that phi057 marker can effectively distinguish o2 gene plants.

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