| 王润风，鲁 清，洪彦彬，梁炫强，陈小平，刘国强，洪成佳，李少雄.中国南方区试花生品种的遗传多样性分析[J].广东农业科学,2021,48(12):44-53 |
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中国南方区试花生品种的遗传多样性分析 |
| Analysis on the Genetic Diversity of Peanut Varieties in Regional Tests of Southern China |
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| DOI：10.16768/j.issn.1004-874X.2021.12.006 |
| 中文关键词: SSR 标记 花生品种 多态性 系谱分析 中国南方 |
| 英文关键词: SSR marker peanut variety polymorphism pedigree analysis southern China |
| 基金项目:广东省国际科技合作项目（2021A0505030047）；广东省农业农村厅科技专项（2020KJ136-02）；广东省农业科学院农业优势产业学科团队建设项目（202104TD）；财政部和农业农村部：国家现代农业产业技术体系项目（CARS-13） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 【目的】揭示我国南方花生品种的SSR标记遗传多样性，明确品种间的亲缘关系，为今后花生品
种的遗传改良提供分子依据。【方法 】通过100对SSR引物分析了54份中国南方花生区试品种的遗传多样性，
并进行聚类分析，同时通过品种系谱分析其中21份南方花生区试品种的亲本来源。【结果】有47对供试引物在
不同品种间检测出多态性，每个多态性引物检测的等位基因数为2~7个、平均2.93个，多态性信息量（PIC）为
0.067~0.764、平均0.336。对54个品种的聚类分析结果表明，SSR聚类结果与品种来源存在相关性，同一省份的
品种更倾向于聚为一类。系谱分析结果表明，福建、广东、广西3个省份花生育成品种的亲本来源是相互交叉
的，以伏花生和狮头企为主培育出的粤油551、粤油551-116、汕油27以及在此基础上培育出的汕油71、汕油523
是南方花生品种常用的骨干亲本。【结论】中国南方花生区试品种的遗传多样性较低，存在遗传基础狭窄的缺
点。今后在品种选育过程中，应充分利用国内外的花生种质资源，培育新遗传背景下的骨干亲本，拓宽花生育
成品种的遗传基础，增加花生品种的遗传多样性。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| 【Objective】The study was carried out to reveal the genetic diversity of peanut varieties based on SSR
primers in south China and indentify the genetic relationship among these varieties, with a view to provide molecular
basis for the genetic improvement of peanut varieties.【Method】The genetic diversity of 54 peanut varieties in regional
tests of south China was analyzed based on 100 pairs of SSR primers, and clustering analysis was conducted The parental
origin of 21 peanut varieties was also analyzed by pedigree analysis.【Result】Polymorphisms were detected in 47 pairs
of tested primers among the peanut varieties with 2-7 alleles per locus, with an average of 2.93 alleles. The value of
polymorphism information content (PIC) varied from 0.067 to 0.764, with an average of 0.336. The results of clustering
analysis indicated that the classification of the 54 peanut varieties based on SSR clustering was correlated with the variety
origin, and varieties from the same province preferred to cluster together. Pedigree analysis showed that the parents of peanut varieties from 3 provinces (Fujian, Guangdong and Guangxi) were overlapping. Yueyou 551, Yueyou 551-116,
Shanyou 27, mainly cultivated from Fuhuasheng and Shitouqi, and Shanyou 71 and Shanyou 523, cultivated subsequently,
were the backbone parents of peanut varieties in southern China.【Conclusion】The genetic diversity of peanut varieties in
regional tests of south China was similar, with a narrow genetic background. To broaden the genetic basis of peanut varieties
and increase the genetic diversity of peanut varieties, peanut germplasm resources collected worldwide should be fully
utilized and the backbone parents under new genetic background should be bred in the future. |
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