| 阮明君，钟梓杰，余发杰，姚宇泰，朱剑锋，胡文锋，胡 斌.一株异养硝化细菌的分离鉴定及其在垃圾渗滤液中的应用[J].广东农业科学,2022,49(3):68-76 |
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一株异养硝化细菌的分离鉴定及其在垃圾渗滤液中的应用 |
| Isolation and Identification of a Heterotrophic Nitrification Bacterium and Its Application in Landfill Leachate |
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| DOI：10.16768/j.issn.1004-874X.2022.03.008 |
| 中文关键词: 异养硝化菌 分离鉴定 不动杆菌 氨氮降解 垃圾渗滤液 |
| 英文关键词: heterotrophic nitrification bacterium isolation and identification Acinetobacter ammonia nitrogen degradation landfill leachate |
| 基金项目:广东省重点领域研发计划项目（2018B020206001）；广东省科技计划项目（2017A010405039） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 【目的】针对垃圾渗滤液废水中存在氨氮含量高、脱氮效率低等问题，从垃圾渗滤液生化反应池
的活性污泥中富集、分离出 1 株能降解氨氮的异养硝化菌。【方法】对所分离菌株进行形态学观察、生理生化
鉴定、16S rDNA 基因序列比对和构建系统发育树；同时研究不同接种量、培养基初始 pH、温度、摇床转速以及
碳源种类等因素对该菌株脱氮效果的影响；将该菌株接种于垃圾渗滤液中，对其异养硝化作用进行评估。【结果】
所获得的异养硝化菌为不动杆菌属 (Acinetobacter sp.)，命名为 XJ-1。经过单因素优化，菌株 XJ-1 能在以乙酸
钠为唯一碳源的培养基中生长，并进行异养硝化，当接种量为 6%、初始 pH 为 7.5、温度为 30 ℃、摇床转速为
150 r/min 时，菌株 XJ-1 的氨氮降解率最高；将菌株 XJ-1 接种到灭菌后的垃圾渗滤液中，在最佳条件下培养 96 h，
氨氮（NH4+
-N）的初始浓度由 545.91 mg/L 降至 317.58 mg/L，降解率达 62.82%，且中间产物亚硝态氮（NO2-
-N）、
硝态氮（NO3-
-N）未见明显积累。【结论】研究结果证明菌株 XJ-1 具有一定的异养硝化特性，且具有一定的处
理垃圾渗滤液的应用价值。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| 【Objective】Aiming at the problems of ammonium-rich and low denitrification efficiency in landfill
leachate wastewater, a heterotrophic nitrification bacterium was enriched and isolated from the activated sludge of landfill
leachate biochemical reaction tank.【Method】By means of morphological observation, physiological and biochemical
identification, 16S rDNA gene sequence alignment and phylogenetic tree construction, the effects of different inoculation
amount, initial pH, temperature, shaking speed and carbon source type on the denitrification effect of the strain were studied.
The strain was inoculated into landfill leachate wastewater to evaluate its ability of heterotrophic nitrification.【Result】 The isolated heterotrophic nitrobacteria strain was Acinetobacter sp., named XJ-1. After single factor optimization, strain XJ-1
could grow in the medium with sodium acetate as the sole carbon source and carry out heterotrophic nitrification. When
the inoculation amount was 6%, with initial pH 7.5, temperature at 30 ℃ , and the shaking speed of incubator maintained
at 150 r/min, the highest ammonia nitrogen degradation rate was obtained; while strain XJ-1 was inoculated into the sterilized
landfill leachate wastewater, after 96 h cultivation under the optimal conditions, the initial concentration of ammonia nitrogen
(NH4+
-N) decreased from 545.91 mg/L to 317.58 mg/L, the NH4+
-N degradation rate reached 62.82%, and the intermediate
products such as nitrite nitrogen (NO2-
-N) and nitrate nitrogen (NO3-
-N) did not accumulate significantly.【Conclusion】Strain
XJ-1 has certain heterotrophic nitrification characteristics, and it has application value in the treatment of landfill leachate wastewater. |
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