| 王 庆，曾宪军，樊志红，何佳楠，康桦华，何叔年，陈 杰，彭新宇.鸡球虫疫苗和抗球虫药穿梭使用对鸡球虫耐药性的影响[J].广东农业科学,2022,49(3):116-123 |
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鸡球虫疫苗和抗球虫药穿梭使用对鸡球虫耐药性的影响 |
| Effect of Chicken Coccidia Vaccine and Anticoccidial DrugsShuttle Program on the Drug Resistance of Coccidia |
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| DOI：10.16768/j.issn.1004-874X.2022.03.013 |
| 中文关键词: 鸡 球虫 疫苗 抗球虫药 耐药性 生物穿梭方案 |
| 英文关键词: chicken coccidia vaccine anticoccidial drug drug resistance biological shuttle program |
| 基金项目:广东省农业科学院驻镇帮扶村农村科技特派员项目（KTP20210010）；广东省企业科技特派员项目（GDKTP2020026600） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 【目的】探究肉鸡养殖场使用球虫疫苗和抗球虫药物生物穿梭方案对鸡球虫耐药性的影响。
【方法】在花都 5 个采用球虫疫苗和抗球虫药物生物穿梭方案的鸡场和英德 5 个仅使用抗球虫药物的鸡场中分
离得到柔嫩艾美尔球虫，分别测试花都、英德虫株对 6 种常见抗球虫药物的耐药性，采用指标包括抗球虫指数
（ACI）、病变计分减少率（RLS）、最适抗球虫活性百分比（POAA）和相对卵囊产量（ROP）。【结果】花都
虫株攻虫对照、英德虫株攻虫对照肉鸡的盲肠组织切片均显示损伤波及粘膜层，肠腺丧失、炎性细胞浸润，粘
膜及粘膜下层可见较多球虫虫卵。ACI 指标显示，花都虫株对尼卡巴嗪、氯羟吡啶、马杜霉素严重耐药，对其
余 3 种药物中度耐药；英德虫株对 6 种药物均中度耐药。POAA 指标显示，花都虫株对马杜霉素尼卡巴嗪合剂敏感，
对其他药物表现耐药性，英德虫株则对 6 种药物均敏感。RLS 和 ROP 指标显示，两地虫株对 6 种药物均表现耐药。
综合判定，花都虫株对尼卡巴嗪马杜霉素合剂中度耐药，对其余 5 种药物表现严重耐药；英德虫株对 6 种药物
均中度耐药。【结论】野外鸡球虫耐药性严重，且呈现多重耐药性。花都虫株和英德虫株均对 6 种药物表现出
中度到严重耐药，与仅使用抗球虫药相比，球虫疫苗和抗球虫药物穿梭使用方案不能显著恢复球虫敏感性。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| 【Objective】The study was carried out to investigate the effect of biological shuttle program using coccidia
vaccines and anticoccidial drugs on the drug resistance of chicken coccidia in broiler farms.【Method】Huadu isolates of
Eimeria tenella were isolated and identified from five chicken farms in Huadu District, and these farms have been using
coccidial vaccine and anti-coccidial drug shuttle program. Yingde isolates of E. tenella were isolated from five chicken farms
in Yinde City, and the five farms have been using only anti-coccidial drugs to control coccidiosis. The resistances of Huadu and
Yingde isolates to 6 anticoccidial drugs were tested respectively by using indicators including anticoccidial index (ACI), rate
of reduction in lesion score (RLS), percentage of optimum anticoccidial activity (POAA) and relative oocyst production (ROP).
【Result】The cecal tissue sections of chickens of the two challenged groups showed that the mucosal layer was extensively
affected with loss of intestinal glands, inflammatory cell infiltration, and many coccidial oocysts were found in the mucosa
and submucosa. The results of ACI showed that the Huadu isolates were resistant seriously to nicarbazine, clodipidine and
maduramycin, and moderately resistant to other 3 drugs; and the Yingde isolates were moderately resistant to all 6 drugs. The
results of POAA showed that the Huadu isolates were sensitive to the mixture of maduramycin and nicarbazine, but resistant
to other drugs, while the Yingde isolates were sensitive to all 6 drugs. The results of RLS and ROP showed that the two mixed
isolates were resistant to all 6 drugs. Based on comprehensive evaluation, the Huadu isolates were resistant moderately to
mixture of maduramycin and nicarbazine, and resistant seriously to other five drugs; while the Yingde isolates were resistant
moderately to all six drugs.【Conclusion】The field isolates of chicken coccidia were resistant to anticoccidial drugs at different
levels with multi-drug resistances. Both isolates from Huadu District and Yingde City showed resistance to six drugs moderately
or seriously, suggesting that biological shuttle program could not significantly restore sensitivity of E. tenella compared to
program using anticoccidial drugs only. |
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