| 许美娜，朱奕舟，林思远，陈瑶生，何祖勇.CRISPR/Cas9 基因编辑技术在猪育种中的研究进展[J].广东农业科学,2022,49(8):87-96 |
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CRISPR/Cas9 基因编辑技术在猪育种中的研究进展 |
| Progress of the Application of CRISPR/Cas9 GeneEditing Technology in Pig Breeding |
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| DOI：10.16768/j.issn.1004-874X.2022.08.011 |
| 中文关键词: 猪育种 CRISPR/Cas 碱基编辑系统 繁殖力 产肉性能 抗病性 |
| 英文关键词: pig breeding CRISPR/Cas base editor system reproductivity meat production trait disease-resistance |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金（32030102）；广东省重点领域研发计划项目（2018B020203003）；广东省自然科学基金（2019A1515011134） |
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| 摘要点击次数: 824 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 我国人工驯化野猪历史悠久，各地区结合当地条件培育出众多具有地方特色的猪种，使我国成为
世界上猪种资源最为丰富的国家。我国大部分地方猪种具有肉质细嫩和肌内脂肪含量高等优良肉质性状，但存
在生长缓慢、瘦肉率低和饲料转化率低等缺点，而利用西方瘦肉型猪进行杂交育种可以弥补我国地方猪种的上
述缺点，可以促进地方猪种生长和提高瘦肉产量，但对肉质性状产生不利影响。此外，瘦肉型猪种的引入也给
我国地方猪种的生存带来严重冲击，导致许多地方猪种数量急剧下降，甚至濒临灭绝。而基因编辑技术的出现
和应用，为地方猪种的遗传改良带来了许多突破性进展。综述 CRISPR/Cas9 基因编辑技术的发展历程及其在猪
繁殖性能、产肉性能、抗病性能和性别控制等遗传改良中的研究进展，以期加深人们对基因编辑技术在家猪遗
传育种中具有特殊作用的认识。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| China has a long history in the artificial domestication of wild boars. Many swine breeds with local
characteristics have been bred in combination with local conditions, making China become the country with the richest
swine resources in the world. Generally, most indigenous swine breeds in China present excellent meat quality traits such as
delicate tenderness and high intramuscular fat content, but also show slower growth rate, lower lean meat rate, and lower feed
conversion ratio when compared to western swine breeds. Although cross-breeding through introducing western lean swine
lineage could improve the growth and meat yield of indigenous swine breeds, there are adverse effects on meat quality traits.
In addition, the introduction of western swine breeds has already brought a serious impact on local swine breeds, leading to
a sharp decline in the number of many indigenous swine breeds in China, and even being threatened with extinction. The
application of gene editing technology has brought many breakthroughs in the genetic improvement of indigenous swine
breeds. Here, we review the developmental history of CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing technology, and progress of its application
in the genetic improvement of swine, including reproduction, meat yield, disease resistance, and sex controlling. This review
will facilitate to understand the special role of gene editing technology in domestic pig breeding. |
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