| 黄文庆 1,2，黄 龙 3
，赖明建 3
，李湘妮 3
，陈佳佳 1
，刘凤坤 1
，徐志雄 4
，胡俊茹 1.投喂频率、水温和养殖密度对大口黑鲈生长性能、肠道结构和肝脏生长相关基因表达量的影响[J].广东农业科学,2022,49(8):111-119 |
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投喂频率、水温和养殖密度对大口黑鲈生长性能、肠道结构和肝脏生长相关基因表达量的影响 |
| Effects of Feeding Frequency, Water Temperature and BreedingDensity on Growth Perfirmanc e, Intestinal Structure and HepaticGrowth-related Gene Expression Hepatic of Largemouth Bass |
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| DOI：10.16768/j.issn.1004-874X.2022.08.014 |
| 中文关键词: 大口黑鲈 投喂频率 水温 养殖密度 生长性能 肠道结构 基因表达 |
| 英文关键词: largemouth bass feeding frequency water temperature breeding density growth performance intestinal structure gene expression |
| 基金项目:佛山市财政专项资金 -2021 年高水平广东省农业科技示范市建设项目 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 【目的】于室内循环水养殖系统条件下研究投喂频率、水温和养殖密度对大口黑鲈幼鱼生长
性能、肠道结构和肝脏 GH 和 IGF-1 基因表达量的影响，确定大口黑鲈的适宜投喂频率、水温和养殖密度。
【方法】采用 3 因素 2 水平交互设计 8 个处理（Ⅰ ~ Ⅷ），养殖 8 周后，评估大口黑鲈特定生长率、摄食率、
饲料系数、存活率等生长性能指标，肠道组织的绒毛高度、绒毛宽度、肌层厚度，以及肝脏生长因子 GH 和
IGF-1 基因表达量。【结果】主效应仅养殖密度对摄食率的影响和投喂频率对肥满度的影响达显著水平，而交互
效应仅对肥满度有显著影响。单因素方差分析结果显示，处理Ⅴ生长性能显著优于其他处理，其中特定生长率
显著高于处理Ⅱ、Ⅳ、Ⅵ、Ⅷ，分别提高 10.16%、10.61%、9.27% 和 8.4%；摄食率显著高于处理Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅳ、
Ⅵ，分别提高 10.94%、27.02%、26.45% 和 17.38%；饲料系数显著低于处理Ⅳ、Ⅶ、Ⅷ，分别降低 7.87%、8.89%
和 8.89%。而处理Ⅰ生长性能与处理Ⅴ相比，仅摄食率显著降低，特定生长率和饲料系数并无显著差异。主效
应和交互效应对肠道绒毛高度、绒毛宽度、肌层厚度以及肝脏 GH 和 IGF-1 基因表达量的影响均未达显著水平。
处理Ⅴ肠道绒毛高度显著高于处理Ⅳ、Ⅵ、Ⅶ，处理Ⅰ、Ⅴ绒毛宽度均显著高于处理Ⅲ，处理Ⅰ、Ⅲ肌层厚度
均厚于处理Ⅶ，其他各处理均无显著差异。处理Ⅰ和Ⅴ的肝脏 GH 和 IGF-1 基因表达量高于其他处 理。【结论】
大口黑鲈最适宜的投喂频率为 2~3 次 /d，水温为 25 ℃，150 L 水体养殖 25 尾。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| 【Objective】This experiment was conducted to research the effects of feeding frequency, water temperature
and breeding density on growth performance, intestinal structure and hepatic GH and IGF-1 gene expression levels of
largemouth bass in an indoor recirculating aquaculture system so as to determine the appropriate feeding frequency, water
temperature and breeding density of largemouth bass.【Method】The experiment consisted of 8 treatments (Ⅰ - Ⅷ ). After 8
weeks of breeding, the growth performance indicators such as specific growth rate (SGR), feeding rate (FR), feed coefficient (FCR)
and survival rate, the intestinal villus height, villus width and muscle thickness, and the expression of hepatic growth factor GH
and IGF-1 genes of largemouth bass were evaluated.【Result】Only the main effects of breeding density on FR and feeding
frequency on condition factor (CF) were significant, while the interaction effects had a significant effect on CF. The one-way
ANOVA results showed that, the growth performance of treatment Ⅴ was significantly better than that of other treatments, and
the SGR was significantly higher than that of treatments Ⅱ , Ⅳ , Ⅵ and Ⅷ , increasing by 10.16%, 10.61%, 9.27% and 8.4%,
respectively; the FR was significantly higher than that of treatments Ⅰ , Ⅱ , Ⅳ and Ⅵ , increased by 10.94%, 27.02%, 26.45%
and 17.38%, respectively; the FCR was significantly lower than that of treatments Ⅳ , Ⅷ and Ⅷ , decreasing by 7.87%, 8.89%
and 8.89%, respectively. Compared with the treatmentⅤ, the FR of treatment I was significantly lower than that of treatmentⅤ,
but there were no significant differences in SGR and FCR. The main effect and the interaction effect on intestinal villus height,
villus width, muscle thickness and hepatic GH and IGF-1 gene expression levels were not significant. The intestinal villus
height of treatment Ⅴ was significantly higher than that of treatments Ⅳ , Ⅵ and Ⅶ , villus width of treatments Ⅰ and Ⅴ was
significantly higher than that of treatments Ⅲ , the intestinal muscle thickness of treatments Ⅰ and Ⅲ was thicker than that of
treatment Ⅷ , and there was no significant difference in other treatments. The hepatic GH and IGF-1 gene expression levels of
treatments Ⅰ and Ⅴ were significantly higher than those of other treatments.【Conclusion】The optimal feeding frequency
for largemouth bass was 2-3 times/d, the water temperature was 25 ℃, and the breeding density was 25 fish per tank (150 L). |
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