| 张 磊，周灿芳，方 伟.粤港澳大湾区粮食产业现状、矛盾透视及高质量发展实现路径[J].广东农业科学,2023,50(1):28-39 |
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粤港澳大湾区粮食产业现状、矛盾透视及高质量发展实现路径 |
| Current Situation, Contradiction Analysis and Path for the Realization of High-quality Development of Grain Industry in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area |
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| DOI：10.16768/j.issn.1004-874X.2023.01.003 |
| 中文关键词: 粮食主销区 粤港澳大湾区 粮食全产业链 粮食应急保障 高质量发展 路径分析 |
| 英文关键词: main grain consumption area Guangdong-HongKong-Macao Greater Bay Area whole grain industry chain food emergency security high-quality development path analysis |
| 基金项目:国家社会科学基金重点项目（20AJY012）；广东省哲学社会科学青年项目（GD19YYJ07）；广东省自然科学基金面上项目（2021A1515012218）；广东省农业科学院人才项目“青年导师制”（R2019QD-020）；国家社会科学基金后期资助项目（22FJYB059）；广东省农业科学院“十四五”新兴学科团队项目（202124TD）；广东省农业科学院创新基金产业专项项目（202142） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 粮食产业高质量发展是提升国家粮食安全水平与满足人民日益增长的美好生活需要的必然要求。为满足粤港澳大湾区消费升级和粮食产业供给侧改革的内在要求，有效提升大湾区粮食产业高质量发展和供应链韧性水平，通过“产购储加销”全产业链视角对大湾区粮食产业进行理论与实证分析，厘清粤港澳大湾区粮食生产的水土光热等禀赋条件及演化变迁，并结合消费、生产、加工、储运对大湾区粮食产业现状及存在问题进行实证分析。2010—2020 年，粤港澳大湾区内地九市耕地面积降幅为 5%，其中水田、旱地面积降幅分别为 3%和 8%；粮食生产集中度不断提升，肇庆、江门、惠州和广州占大湾区稻谷总播种面积比例由 2005 年的 91% 提升至 2020 年的 97%。通过分析大湾区粮食产业迈向高质量发展的主要影响因素及逻辑演化机理，系统解构了“产购储加销”存在的难点与堵点，提出应在大食物观下推进“大粮食、大产业、大市场、大流通”的大湾区粮食产业高质量发展格局；促进“产业内”分工与深化是大湾区粮食产业高质量发展的关键，实施优粮优产、优粮优储、优粮优价、优粮优加，打造品牌价值链；坚持大湾区粮食生产保障一定自给率的底线，以“优粮优产”为基础，大力发展优质食味型水稻，实施与其他稻作主产大省差异化、不对称战略，结合大湾区禀赋条件创新
提出“富硒水稻工程”，开展“粮食生产双强”计划；试点中国式粮食全产业链现代化先行区，建立大湾区粮食储备与应急保障中心，立足于“双循环”战略建立大湾区粮食长效安全保障机制。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The high-quality development of grain industry is an inevitable requirement to improve the national food security level and meet the increasing needs of people for a better life. In order to meet the inherent requirements of consumption upgrading and supply-side structural reform of the grain industry in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (GBA), and to improve the high-quality development and supply chain resilience of the grain industry in the GBA, it is theoretically and empirically analyzed from the perspective of the whole industrial chain of “production, purchase, storage, processing and sales”. and the endowment conditions such as soil, water, light and heat as well as the evolutionary changes of grain production in the GBA are sorted out. Then the current situation and existing problems of the grain industry in the GBA are empirically analyzed based on the situation of consumption, production, processing, storage and transportation. From 2010 to 2020, the reduction rate of cultivated land area in nine mainland cities was about 5%, of which the reduction rates of paddy field and dry land area were 3% and 8%, respectively. The cluster degree of grain production in the GBA was increasing continuously, and the total cultivation area of rice in Zhaoqing, Jiangmen, Huizhou and Guangzhou was increased from 91% in 2005 to 97% in 2020. By analyzing the main influencing factors and logical evolution mechanism of the grain industry in the GBA towards high-quality development, the difficulties and bottlenecks of “production, purchase, storage, processing and sales” were systematically deconstructed, and it was proposed to promote the high-quality development pattern of “great food, big industry, wide market and large circulation” of grain industry in the GBA with the approach of greater food; facilitate the division and deepening of “intra-industry” system - the key to the high-quality development of the grain industry in the GBA, implement the path of excellent production, storage, pricing, and processing of superior grain to build a brand value chain; adhere to the bottom line of ensuring a certain self-sufficiency rate in grain production in the GBA, vigorously develop high-quality flavortype rice on the basis of “superior grain and superior yield”, follow the strategy of differentiation and asymmetry with other major rice-producing provinces, innovatively propose the “selenium-rich rice project” in combination with the endowment conditions of the GBA, and carry out the plan of “double strength of grain production”; set a modernization pilot zone of the whole grain industry chain with Chinese characteristics, establish a grain reserve and emergency support center in the GBA, and create a long-term food security mechanism in the GBA based on the “dual circulation” strategy. |
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