| 韦思亦 1,2，唐拴虎 2，李玉义 3，熊国旋 4，张 木 2，吴腾飞 2.加剧酸化对土壤有效态 Cd 和水稻的影响[J].广东农业科学,2023,50(3):60-68 |
|
查看全文
HTML
加剧酸化对土壤有效态 Cd 和水稻的影响 |
| Effects of Increased Acidification on Soil Available Cd and Rice |
| |
| DOI：10.16768/j.issn.1004-874X.2023.03.007 |
| 中文关键词: 土壤酸化 Cd 水稻 产量 pH 富集 重金属污染 |
| 英文关键词: soil acidification Cd rice yield pH enrichment heavy metal pollution |
| 基金项目:广东省乡村振兴战略专项（2023KJ118）；国家自然科学基金（U1901601）；广东省农业科学院科技人才引进专项（R2020YJ-YB3007）；广东省农业科学院金颖之星项目（R2020PY-JX013）；广州市科技计划项目（202102021146） |
|
| 摘要点击次数: 1108 |
| 全文下载次数: 724 |
| 中文摘要: |
| 【目的】通过引用酸化材料加剧土壤酸化，探究 Cd 污染土壤酸化后，土壤 pH 值改变对土壤中 Cd活性及水稻产量、质量的影响，为 Cd 污染土壤的修复治理提供理论支撑。【方法】开展土壤培养试验，分析Cd 污染土壤施用酸化材料后土壤 pH 值及有效态 Cd 含量的动态变化，探究土壤 pH 变化对 Cd 活性的影响；开展水稻盆栽试验，分析土壤酸化后水稻生物量、产量及其构成因素、水稻植株及稻米 Cd 含量的变化，探究土壤pH 降低对水稻产量、质量的影响。【结果】施用酸化材料能精准降低土壤 pH，使试验土壤形成一定的 pH 梯度。土壤 pH 值降低 0.33、0.67 个单位，土壤有效态 Cd 含量分别增加 0.04、0.07 mg/kg，增幅达 21.05%、36.84%，土壤有效态 Cd 和土壤 pH 之间呈显著的负相关关系。土壤 pH 降低导致水稻生长受到抑制，植株瘦弱，与对照相比，pH 4.77、5.11 处理的水稻地上部生物量分别降低 9.61%、2.48%。水稻有效穂数、穗实粒数、结实率随土壤 pH 降低而减少，导致 pH 4.77、5.11 处理的水稻产量较对照减少 11.58%、1.74%。土壤酸化致使重金属活化，导致水稻植株及稻米对 Cd 的富集能力增强，pH 4.77、5.11 处理植株 Cd 含量较对照分别增加 87.52%、1.13%，稻米 Cd 含量较对照分别增加 134.55%、165.45%。【结论】土壤 pH 影响 Cd 的形态，土壤酸化使 Cd 的生物有效性增加，土壤有效态 Cd 和土壤 pH 之间呈显著的负相关关系。土壤酸化使水稻生长受阻，地上部生物量降低，成穗数与实粒数减少，产量降低，同时亦加剧土壤 Cd 活性，使水稻对 Cd 的吸收和富集能力增强，被重金属污染的风险也相应增加。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| 【Objective】The acidification materials were used to intensify soil acidification and the impacts of changes in soil pH on Cd activity in soil and rice yield and quality after acidification of Cd contaminated soil were explored, with a view to providing theoretical support for the remediation of Cd contaminated soil.【Method】Through a soil culture experiment, the dynamic changes of soil pH and available Cd content in Cd contaminated soil after application of acidification materials were analyzed to explore the impacts of soil pH changes on Cd activity. By using a rice pot experiment, the effects of soil pH reduction on rice yield and quality were explored by analyzing the changes in rice biomass, yield and its components, Cd contents of rice plants and rice after soil acidification.【Result】The application of acidification materials can accurately reduce soil pH and form a certain pH gradient in the test soil. The soil pH values decreased by 0.33 and 0.67 units, and the soil available Cd contents increased by 0.04 and 0.07 mg/kg, respectively, with an increase of 21.05% and 36.84%. There was a significant negative correlation between soil available Cd and soil pH. The decrease in soil pH resulted in the inhibition of rice growth and plant emaciation. Compared with CK, the aboveground biomass of rice under pH 4.77 and pH 5.11 treatments decreased by 9.61% and 2.48%, respectively. Moreover, the effective number of panicles and filled grains, and seed setting rate of rice decreased with the decrease of soil pH, resulting in a decrease of 11.58% and 1.74% in the rice yield of pH 4.77 and pH 5.11 treatments compared with CK. Soil acidification led to the activation of heavy metals, resulting in an enhanced ability of rice plants and rice to enrich Cd. The Cd content of pH 4.77 and pH 5.11 plants increased by 87.52% and 1.13% compared with CK, respectively, while the Cd content of rice increased by 134.55% and 165.45% compared with CK.【Conclusion】Soil pH affects the form of Cd, and soil acidification increases the bioavailability of Cd. There is a significant negative correlation between soil available Cd and soil pH. Soil acidification impedes the growth of rice, reduces biomass in the above ground parts, decreases the number of panicles and filled grains, and reduces yield. Acidification also increases soil Cd activity, enhances ability of rice to absorb and enrich Cd, and increases the risk of heavy metal pollution correspondingly. |
|
查看/发表评论 下载PDF阅读器 |
|
|
|
