| 赵 旺 1,2，陈 旭 1,2，陈明强 1,2，黄星美 2，邓正华 1,2，温为庚 1,2，王江勇3.鸢乌贼为蛋白源的方斑东风螺人工配合饲料养殖研究[J].广东农业科学,2023,50(4):115-122 |
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鸢乌贼为蛋白源的方斑东风螺人工配合饲料养殖研究 |
| Study on Breeding of Babylonia areolata Applying Artificial Compound Feed with Sthenoteuthis oualaniensis as Protein Source |
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| DOI：10.16768/j.issn.1004-874X.2023.04.014 |
| 中文关键词: 鸢乌贼 方斑东风螺 配合饲料 生长 饲料系数 |
| 英文关键词: Sthenoteuthis oualaniensis Babylonia areolata compound feed growth feed coefficient |
| 基金项目:海南省科技专项（ZDYF2022XDNY351）；中国水产科学研究院中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金（2022YJ10）；现代农业产业技术体系专项资金（CARS-49）；中国水产科学研究院中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费（2020TD55） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 【目的】鸢乌贼是丰富且极具开发潜力的软体动物资源，探究鸢乌贼作为方斑东风螺人工配合饲料蛋白源的可行性。【方法】设计 7 种鸢乌贼质量分数（33.1%、43.1%、53.1%、63.1%、73.1%、83.1%、100%）的方斑东风螺人工配合饲料，以杂鱼为对照，投喂初始体质量为 0.37（±0.03）g 的方斑东风螺，养殖试验期 90 d，以日均增重、日增长率、饲料系数、成活率和单位面积产量为指标，对养殖效果进行评价。【结果】以 63.1% 鸢乌贼处理的方斑东风螺日均增重 0.034g、日增长率 9.31%，显著高于对照处理的 0.029 g 和 7.96%；该处理的饲料系数为 1.33，显著低于对照处理的 2.27；该处理的单位面积产量为 3 168.6 g/m2，高于对照处理（2 856.8 g/m2），但差异不显著；其他试验处理的日均增重和日增长率低于或显著低于对照处理。添加鸢乌贼处理的方斑东风螺成活率均低于对照处理，其中添加 63.1% 以上鸢乌贼的处理与对照处理无显著差异。【结论】该方斑东风螺人工配合饲料的使用无需清除残饵残渣，可减少养殖工作量；且可降低对杂鱼的依赖，保护近海渔业资源。从日均增重、日增长率及饲料系数来看，方斑东风螺人工配合饲料中添加鸢乌贼具有可行性，添加的质量分数参考值为 63.1%。以鸢乌贼作为主要蛋白源，将成为方斑东风螺饲料发展的重要方向。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| 【Objective】Sthenoteuthis oualaniensis is a mollusk with abundant resources and high development potential in the South China Sea. The study was carried out to investigate the feasibility of S. oualaniensis used as an alternative protein source of artificial compound feed for Babylonia areolata.【Method】Seven artificial compound feeds for B. areolata with different mass fractions (33.1%, 43.1%, 53.1%, 63.1%, 73.1%, 83.1%, and 100%) of S. oualaniensis were designed and fed to B. areolata larvae with initial body weight of 0.37 (± 0.03) g. The control group was fed with fish, and the
experiment lasted for 90 days. The daily average weight gain and growth rate, feed coefficient, survival rate and yield per unit area were used as indexes to evaluate the breeding effect.【Result】In the treatment with 63.1% of S. oualaniensis, the daily gain of B. areolata was 0.034 g and growth rate was 9.31%, which were significantly higher than those of the control (0.029g and 7.96%); the feed coefficient was 1.33, which was significantly lower than that of the control (2.27); the yield per unit area of 3 168.6 g/m2 was higher than that of 2 856.8 g/m2 in control group, but both there were no significant differences between these two treatments. The daily gain and growth rate of B. areolata in the other groups were lower or significantly lower than that of the control. The survival rate of B. areolata in the groups with the addition of S. oualaniensis were lower than that in the control, and there were no significant differences between the treatment of adding 63.1% or more of S. oualaniensis and the control.【Conclusion】The use of the artificial compound feed for B. areolata does not require removal of residual bait or residues, which can reduce the workload of breeding and reduce the dependence on trash fish and protect offshore fishery resources. In terms of daily average weight gain, daily growth rate and feed coefficient, it is feasible to add S. oualaniensis to artificial compound feed of B. areolata, and the reference value of mass fraction is 63.1%. The application of S. oualaniensis as the main protein source can become an important direction for the development of B. areolata feed in the future. |
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