| 毕可可，邓嘉茹，张劲蔼，孙龙华.扶桑绵粉蚧虫生真菌 FE-1 菌株的鉴定及其毒力测定[J].广东农业科学,2023,50(6):107-115 |
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扶桑绵粉蚧虫生真菌 FE-1 菌株的鉴定及其毒力测定 |
| Identification and Virulence Assay of the Entomogenous Fungus FE-1 Strain Isolated from Phenacoccus solenoposis |
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| DOI：10.16768/j.issn.1004-874X.2023.06.013 |
| 中文关键词: 扶桑绵粉蚧 虫生真菌 分离 鉴定 木贼镰刀菌 致病力 |
| 英文关键词: Phenacoccus solenoposis entomogenous fungus isolation identification Fusarium equiseti pathogenicity |
| 基金项目:广东省林业科技计划项目（2018KJCX054） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 【目的】评价从扶桑绵粉蚧（Phenacoccus solenoposis）僵虫中分离的虫生真菌在害虫生物防治中
的应用潜力，为开发其作为生物防治制剂提供基础。【方法】采用组织分离法，从扶桑绵粉蚧僵虫中分离纯化
虫生真菌菌株，综合培养性状、形态学特性和系统发育树分析，明确其分类学地位；利用扫描电镜技术，探究
菌株对扶桑绵粉蚧的侵染方式，明确其对扶桑绵粉蚧的侵染力；采用浸虫法，室内测定分离菌株对扶桑绵粉蚧
雌成虫的致病力。【结果】从扶桑绵粉蚧僵虫中分离纯化获得一株真菌菌株 FE-1，形态学结果发现菌株 FE-1
在 PDA 培养基培养 5 d 后菌落直径为 50~60 mm，菌落正面为橙白色，分生孢子形态呈两种类型，小型孢子为
长柱形，大型孢子为镰刀型；综合培养性状、形态学特征和系统发育树分析结果鉴定菌株 FE-1 为木贼镰刀菌
（Fusarium equiseti）；扫描电镜结果表明菌株 FE-1 侵染扶桑绵粉蚧的方式主要为分生孢子在表皮处萌发形成芽
管，然后水平生长，并在特定接触表皮处形成膨大的附着孢进入昆虫体腔，明确了菌株 FE-1 对扶桑绵粉蚧侵染
力；室内毒力测定结果表明，菌株 FE-1 对扶桑绵粉蚧雌成虫的致病力随着分生孢子浓度的增大逐渐增强；孢子
浓度为 1×108
CFU/mL 时，LT50 为 3.32 d，接种 7 d 后，扶桑绵粉蚧雌成虫的校正死亡率为 87.50（±1.79）%，
LC50 为 1.8×105
CFU/mL。【结论】从扶桑绵粉蚧僵虫中分离纯化获得的木贼镰刀菌菌株 FE-1，其在扶桑绵粉
蚧体壁能形成膨大的附着孢进行侵染，对扶桑绵粉蚧具有一定的侵染力。同时，该菌株在室内对扶桑绵粉蚧雌
成虫有较好的致死效果，极具生防潜力，可为扶桑绵粉蚧的生物防治研究提供优质的原材料。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| 【Objective】This study aimed to evaluate the biocontrol potential of an entomogenous fungus strain
isolated from Phenacoccus solenoposis, for providing the basis of its development as a biocontrol agent.【Method】
The strain was isolated and purified from the diseased P.solenoposis using tissue isolation method. Based on the cultural
traits, morphological traits and phylogenetic tree analysis, its taxonomic ststus was clarified. The infection mode of strain
on P.solenoposis was explored by scanning electron microscope，which clarified its ability to infect P.solenoposis. The
pathogenicity of the strain to P.solenoposis was measured by leaf dipping and insect dipping method. 【Result】A strain
FE-1 was isolated and purified from the diseased P.solenoposis, the morphological traits results showed that the colony
diameter of strain FE-1 ranged from 50 to 60 mm at 5 days on PDA medium , and the colony was orange-white in front. The conidia morphology had two types, which small type was long column shape and large spore was sickle shape. The strain FE-1
was identified as Fusarium equiseti based on cultural traits, morphological traits and phglogenetic tree analysis. The strain
FE-1 infected into the insect body cavity of P.solenoposis mainly by conidia germination forming germ tubes at the epidermis
for growing horizontally, and the formation of expanded appressorium at the specific contact epidermis, which clarified its ability
to infect P.solenoposis. The results of indoor toxicity measuremerts showed that the pathogenicity of strain FE-1 against female
adults of P.solenoposis was gradually increased with the concentration of conidial suspension. At the spore concentration of
1×108
CFU / mL, LT50 was 3.32 days, while at 7 days after inoculation, the adjusted mortality of P.solenoposis female adults
was 87.50±1.79%, LC50 was 1.8×105
CFU /mL. 【Conclusion】A strain FE-1 isolated and purified from the diseased
P.solenoposis can form expanded appressorium at the specific contact epidermis for infection, which clarifies its ability to infect
P.solenoposis. Meanwhile, the strain FE-1 is highly pathogenic against P.solenoposis, which has great potential for biocontrol
and provide original material for the biocontrol research of P.solenoposis. |
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