短期饲喂缩合单宁对大规格大口黑鲈生长性能和肝脏健康的影响

彭 凯 1; 邱建强 1; 2; 徐友良 3; 黄文庆 4; 王玉玺 5; 黄 文 1

文章摘要

彭凯 1，邱建强 1,2，徐友良 3，黄文庆 4，王玉玺 5，黄文 1.短期饲喂缩合单宁对大规格大口黑鲈生长性能和肝脏健康的影响[J].广东农业科学,2023,50(8):1-10

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Effects of Short-term Feeding Condensed Tannins on Growth Performance and Liver Health of Large-sized Micropterus salmoides

DOI：10.16768/j.issn.1004-874X.2023.08.001

中文关键词: 缩合单宁大规格大口黑鲈生长性能血清代谢物糖脂代谢肝脏健康

英文关键词: condensed tannins large-sized Micropterus salmoides growth performance serum metabolites glucose and lipid metabolism liver health

基金项目:国家自然科学基金（31902388）；广东省自然科学基金面上项目（2021A1515010850）；高水平农科院建设 -青年研究员项目（R2021PY-QY001）；佛山市财政专项 2021 年度共建广东农业科技示范市项目（大口黑鲈苗种工厂标准化培育关键技术攻关与应用）

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彭凯 1，邱建强 1,2，徐友良 3，黄文庆 4，王玉玺 5，黄文 1

1. 广东省农业科学院动物科学研究所 / 农业农村部华南动物营养与饲料重点实验室 /广东省农业科学院水产研究中心 / 广东省畜禽育种与营养研究重点实验室，广东广州 510640；2. 华中农业大学水产学院，湖北武汉 430070；3. 肇庆市佰仕科生物科技有限公司，广东肇庆 526105；4. 广州飞禧特生物科技有限公司，广东广州 510640；5. 加拿大农业与农业食品部莱斯布里奇研究中心，阿尔伯塔莱斯布里奇 T1J4B1

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中文摘要:

【目的】研究缩合单宁对大规格大口黑鲈生长性能和肝脏健康的影响，为缩合单宁在大口黑鲈饲料中的应用提供参考。【方法】选取初始体重为 510（±10.4）g 的大规格大口黑鲈 600 尾，随机分为 4 组，每组 3 个重复，每个重复 50 尾鱼。对照组为基础饲料（G1），试验组分别在基础饲料中添加 0.1%（G2）、0.2%（G3）、0.4%（G4）的缩合单宁，试验期为 30 d。【结果】与 G1 组相比，G4 组饲料系数显著升高 17.44%，存活率显著下降15.79%（P<0.05），G2、G3、G4 组腹脂率分别显著下降 12.03%、16.18%、13.69%（P<0.05）。各组之间采食量、增重率、特定生长率无显著差异；G4 组血清葡萄糖、总胆固醇、甘油三酯的含量分别显著下降 49.73%、28.46%、35.71%（P<0.05），G3、G4 组血清低密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量分别显著下降 38.71%、51.61%（P<0.05）。各组之间白蛋白、球蛋白、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇的含量及谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶的活性均无显著差异；随着缩合单宁添加量升高，大规格大口黑鲈“脂肪肝”问题逐渐改善，肝脏组织空泡化、炎症浸润现象减轻，肝脏脂肪含量及脂滴面积比显著下降。【结论】饲料中添加适量缩合单宁（0.1%、0.2%）不仅不影响大规格大口黑鲈的存活率和饲料系数，还能促进其糖脂代谢，降低腹脂和肝脂水平，改善肝脏健康。以肝脏健康为评价依据，缩合单宁在大口黑鲈饲料中的适宜添加量为 0.2%。

英文摘要:

【Objective】In order to provide reference for the application of condensed tannins in Micropterus salmoides feed, this study was conducted to assess the effects of short-term feeding condensed tannins on growth performance and liver health of large-sized M. salmoides.【Method】A total of 600 fish with an initial weight of 510 (±10.4) g were selected and randomly divided into 4 groups, with 3 replicates per group and 50 fish per replicates. Fish in the control group were fed with basic diet (G1), while fish in the experimental groups were fed with basic diet supplemented with 0.1% (G2), 0.2% (G3) and 0.4% (G4) of condensed tannins, respectively. The experimental period was 30 d.【Result】Compared with G1, the feed coefficient of fish in G4 was significantly increased by 17.44% (P<0.05), while the survival rate was significantly decreased by 15.79% (P<0.05); The abdominal fat rate of fish in G2, G3, and G4 were significantly decreased by 12.03%, 16.18%, and 13.69% respectively (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in feed intake, weight gain rate, specific growth rate among all groups; The contents of serum glucose, total cholesterol, and triglycerides of fish in G4 were significantly decreased by 49.73%, 28.46% and 35.71%, respectively (P<0.05), while the contents of serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol of fish in G3 and G4 were significantly decreased by 38.71% and 51.61% respectively (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the contents of albumin, globulin, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and the activities of alanine transaminase and glutamic transaminase among all groups; With the increase of dietary condensed tannins, the "fatty liver" status of large-sized M. salmoides was improved, the vacuolation and inflammatory infiltration of liver tissue were also weakened, and the liver lipid content and lipid droplet area ratio were significantly reduced.【Conclusion】Dietary supplemented with 0.1% and 0.2% of condensed tannins had no significant effects on the survival rate and feed coefficient of large-sized M. salmoides. However, it could promote the metabolism of glucose and lipid, reduce liver fat and abdominal fat, and improve liver health of fish. If the evaluation is based on liver health, the appropriate concentration of condensed tannins in the diet of M. salmoides is 0.2%.

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