硅对迷你椒草试管苗抗逆生理特性的影响

干雨露; 丰 锋; 范紫云; 向星星; 于奕宁; 陈灿强

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干雨露，丰锋，范紫云，向星星，于奕宁，陈灿强.硅对迷你椒草试管苗抗逆生理特性的影响[J].广东农业科学,2023,50(9):181-190

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Effects of Silicon on the Physiological Characteristics of Stress Resistance of Cryptocoryne parva Tube Seedlings

DOI：10.16768/j.issn.1004-874X.2023.09.019

中文关键词: 迷你椒草不定芽硅生理代谢高温高湿胁迫

英文关键词: Cryptocoryne parva adventitious bud silicon physiological metabolism high temperature and humidity stress

基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目（2017YFD0202102）；云南省科技人才与平台计划“云南省丰锋专家工作站”（202305AF150146）；广东海洋大学大学生创新训练项目（CXXL2022059）

作者	单位
干雨露，丰锋，范紫云，向星星，于奕宁，陈灿强	广东海洋大学滨海农业学院，广东湛江 524088

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中文摘要:

【目的】探究硅对迷你椒草试管苗生理特性的影响，为提高高温季节移栽成活率提供理论和技术支持。【方法】以迷你椒草不定芽为材料，采用单因子试验方法，探究不同硅源（硅酸钾、硅酸钠、硅酸钙、二氧化硅）及硅浓度（0、0.2、0.4、0.6、0.8、1.0 g/L）对迷你椒草不定芽增殖系数、可溶性糖含量、可溶性蛋白含量以及抗氧化酶活性的影响，筛选出最佳硅源及硅浓度，并用于不定芽生根培养，移栽后进行高温、高湿胁迫，研究其对迷你椒草抗逆特性的影响。【结果】除添加硅酸钾 0.6 g/L 的迷你椒草不定芽增殖系数与 CK 相比无显著差异外，其余均显著低于 CK；添加硅酸钾、硅酸钠培养 25 d 各处理的不定芽可溶性糖含量均显著高于 CK，0.4 g/L 硅酸钠处理后可溶性糖含量较 CK 增长 97.92%。添加二氧化硅后，各浓度处理的不定芽可溶蛋白含量均显著高于 CK，涨幅 13.49%~26.63%。添加硅提高了迷你椒草不定芽的 POD、SOD 活性，硅酸钙和二氧化硅处理后不定芽 SOD 活性较 CK 分别增长 13.49%~62.87%、0.86%~75.85%；添加 0.2 g/L 硅酸钠后不定芽 SOD 活性较 CK 提高 45.43%。所有施硅处理不定芽的 MDA 含量均显著低于 CK，其中添加硅酸钾 0.6 g/L 时各指标表现最佳，迷你椒草不定芽增殖系数为 2.67，其可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白含量分别比 CK 增长 95.39%、27.34%，POD、SOD 活性分别提高 137.67%、39.01%，MDA 含量降低 56.20%。高温高湿胁迫 5 d 后，0.6 g/L 硅酸钾处理不定芽的可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白、叶绿素含量以及 POD、SOD 活性均显著高于 CK。【结论】在 MS+6-BA 4.0 mg/L+NAA 0.2 mg/L+AD 10.0 mg/L+ 硅酸钾 0.6 g/L 时，迷你椒草不定芽的可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白含量以及 POD、SOD 活性均显著高于CK，可增强迷你椒草苗在高温高湿环境下的抗逆性。

英文摘要:

【Objective】The study aims to explore the effects of silicon on the physiological characteristics of Cryptocoryne parva test-tube seedlings, and provide theoretical and technical support for increasing the survival rate of transplanting in high temperature season.【Method】The adventitious buds of C. parva were used as materials, and the single factor test method was used to explore the effects of different silicon sources (potassium silicate, sodium silicate, calcium silicate and silica) and silicon concentrations (0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8 and 1.0 g/L) on the proliferation coefficient, soluble sugar and soluble protein content, and antioxidant enzyme activity of C. parva test-tube seedlings, and the best silicon source and silicon concentration were selected. The selected system was used in the rooting medium of adventitious buds, and high temperature and high humidity stress were performed after transplanting, with no silicon treatment as the control, to study its effect on the stress resistance characteristics of mini C. parva.【Result】Except for the treatment with 0.6 g/L potassium silicate, there was no significant difference in proliferation coefficient of the adventitious bud of C. parva and that of CK, and the rest treatments were significantly lower than CK. The soluble sugar content of adventitious buds treated with potassium silicate and sodium silicate was significantly higher than that of CK after 25 days of culture. After treatment with 0.4 g/L sodium silicate, the soluble sugar content increased by 97.92% compared with that of CK. After adding silicon dioxide, the soluble protein content of adventitious buds treated with each concentration was significantly higher than that of CK, with an increase of 13.49%-26.63%. The addition of four silicon sources increased the POD and SOD activities of adventitious buds in different degrees. The SOD activity of adventitious buds treated with calcium silicate and silicon dioxide increased by 13.49%-62.87% and 0.86%-75.85%, respectively, compared with CK. After adding 0.2 g/L sodium silicate, the SOD activity of adventitious buds increased by 45.43% compared with CK. The MDA content of adventitious buds treated with silicon was significantly lower than that of CK, and the indexes were the best when 0.6 g/L potassium silicate was added, that is, the proliferation coefficient of adventitious buds was 2.67. In addition, compared with CK, the contents of soluble sugar and soluble protein increased by 95.39% and 27.34% respectively, the activities of POD and SOD increased by 137.67% and 39.01% respectively, and the content of MDA decreased by 56.20%. After 5 days of high temperature and high humidity stress, the soluble sugar, soluble protein, chlorophyll contents and the POD and SOD activities of adventitious buds treated with 0.6 g/L potassium silicate treatment were significantly higher than those in CK.【Conclusion】When the mini adventitious buds of C. parva treated with MS + 6-BA 4.0 mg/L + NAA 0.2 mg/L + AD 10 mg/L + potassium silicate 0.6 g/L, the contents of soluble sugar and soluble protein and the activities of POD and SOD are significantly higher than those of CK, and it is helpful to enhance the stress resistance of mini C. parva seedlings under high temperature and high humidity environment.

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