| 马凌遥 1，王一新 1，赵 鹏 1，常 爽 1，蔡曼珊 2,3.病毒 REV 与 ALV-J 经鸡胚垂直传播共感染对雏鸡的协同致病性[J].广东农业科学,2023,50(10):141-148 |
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病毒 REV 与 ALV-J 经鸡胚垂直传播共感染对雏鸡的协同致病性 |
| Synergistic Pathogenicity of REV and ALV-J in Chicks by Vertical Transmission of Chicken Embryos |
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| DOI：10.16768/j.issn.1004-874X.2023.10.015 |
| 中文关键词: 禽白血病病毒（ALV） 禽网状内皮组织增殖病毒（REV） 垂直传播 共感染 致病性 净化 |
| 英文关键词: avian leukosis virus (ALV) reticuloendotheliosis virus (REV) vertical transmission co-infection pathogenicity purification |
| 基金项目:广东省重点领域研发计划（2020B020222001） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 【目的】J 亚群禽白血病病毒（Avian leukosis virus subgroup J，ALV-J）和禽网状内皮组织增殖病毒（Reticuloendotheliosis virus，REV）均可通过鸡胚垂直传播，且两者在鸡胚中的自然共感染已有报道，但两者经鸡胚共感染的致病性未有研究。建立 ALV-J 与 REV 垂直传播共感染的实验动物模型，研究 ALV-J 与 REV垂直传播共感染的致病作用及其对禽白血病净化检测的影响，以期为推动多病原协同净化提供参考。【方法】通过鸡胚接种方式构建分别携带 ALV-J、REV 及两者共感染的雏鸡感染模型，通过孵化率、死亡率、体重、胎粪 ALV-p27 抗原检出率、病毒血症阳性率等指标分析 REV 与 ALV-J 在垂直传播中共感染的致病性。【结果】ALV-J+REV 共感染组鸡胚孵化率为 65.71%，低于单感染组和空白组（CK）；共感染组死亡率高于单感染组和CK。7 日龄时 CK、ALV-J 组、REV 组、ALV-J+REV 组雏鸡平均体重分别为 59.25、50.83、49.67、43.78 g，共感染加重了对雏鸡生长的抑制。ALV 血浆病毒分离结果显示，ALV-J 组、ALV-J+REV 组阳性率在各日龄均为100%，CK 均为 0%。采集肛拭子检测 ALV-p27 抗原结果显示，ALV-J+REV 组雏鸡阳性率在 1、3、7、14 日龄分别为 91.30%、94.12%、90.90% 和 100%，肛拭子的 ALV-J p27 阳性检出率低于血浆病毒分离。比较免疫器官发育指数结果显示，ALV-J 和 REV 单感染均导致雏鸡免疫器官萎缩，共感染加重免疫器官萎缩程度。免疫器官病毒载量显示，REV 与 ALV-J 共感染促进了 ALV-J 在免疫器官中的增殖，同时 ALV-J 也促进了 REV 在免疫器官中的增殖。【结论】相对于 ALV-J 和 REV 单感染，两者共感染降低了鸡胚孵化率、增加了雏鸡死亡率、增强了对雏鸡生长的抑制作用，对诱导胸腺、脾脏和法氏囊等免疫器官萎缩的影响更加显著，且两者在共感染过程中对彼此复制均有促进作用。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| 【Objective】Avian leukosis virus subgroup J (ALV-J) and reticuloendotheliosis virus (REV) can be transmitted vertically through chicken embryos, and there have been reports of chicken embryos that are co-infected with the two viruses, however, the pathogenicity of co-infection between the two through chicken embryos has not been studied. An experimental animal model of vertical transmission of ALV-J and REV was established to study the pathogenicity of vertical transmission of ALV-J and REV and its effect on the purification test of avian leukaemia, with a view to providing a reference for the promotion of the synergistic purification of multiple pathogens. 【Method】An infection model for chicks carrying ALV-J, REV and co-infected with the two viruses was constructed respectively by means of chicken embryo inoculation, and the pathogenicity of co-infection of REV and ALV-J in vertical transmission was analyzed by the indexes of hatching rate, mortality rate, body weight, fetal-feces ALV-p27 antigen detection rate, and viraemia positive rate.【Result】The hatching rate of the chicken embryos in the co-infection group of ALV-J+REV was 65.71%, which was lower than that in the mono-infection group and CK; the mortality rate in the co-infection group was higher than that in the mono-infection group and CK. The average weights of chicken in the CK, ALV-J group, REV group and ALV-J+REV group were 59.25, 50.83, 49.67, 43.78 g, indicating that co-infection increased the inhibition of growth. The results of ALV plasma virus isolation showed that the positive rates of ALV-J group and ALV-J+REV group were 100% at each day age, while the rate of CK was 0%. The results of anal swabs collected for the detection of ALV-27 antigen showed that the positive rates of ALV-J + REV group were 91.30%, 93.75%, 90.90% and 100% at day age (s) of 1, 3, 7 and 14, respectively, and the positive detection rate of ALV-J p27 in anal swabs was lower than that of plasma virus isolation. Comparison of the results of the immune organ development showed that, both ALV-J mono-infection and REV mono-infection could lead to the atrophy of chicken immune organs, while co-infection of them aggravated the degree of atrophy. The viral load of immune organs showed that the co-infection of REV and ALV-J promoted the proliferation of ALV-J in immune organs, while ALV-J also promoted the proliferation of REV in immune organs.【Conclusion】Co-infection of ALV-J and REV reduced embryo hatching rate, increased chick mortality and enhanced growth inhibition compared with mono-infection of ALV-J and REV, and the effect was more pronounced on inducing atrophy of immune organs such as the thymus, spleen and bursa, and both promoted mutual replication during co-infection. |
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