| 巫浩翔，陆展华，方志强，陈 浩，王石光，王晓飞，刘 维，何秀英.稻瘟病菌效应蛋白与水稻互作研究现状及展望[J].广东农业科学,2023,50(12):52-61 |
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稻瘟病菌效应蛋白与水稻互作研究现状及展望 |
| Research Status and Prospect on the Interaction Between Magnaporthe oryzae Effector Protein and Rice |
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| DOI：10.16768/j.issn.1004-874X.2023.12.005 |
| 中文关键词: 水稻 稻瘟病菌 效应蛋白 相互作用 分子机制 |
| 英文关键词: rice Magnaporthe oryzae effector protein interaction molecular mechanism |
| 基金项目:广东省重点领域研发计划（2021B0707010006，2022B0202110003）；广东省现代农业产业技术体系专项（2023KJ105）；广东省乡村振兴战略专项（2022-NPY-00-001）；广东省水稻育种新技术重点实验室项目（2020B1212060047）；广东省农业科学院中青年学科带头人（金颖之星）培养项目（R2023PY-JX003） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 水稻是世界上最重要的粮食作物之一，水稻安全生产关乎食品安全问题。由稻瘟病菌引起的稻瘟病是一种世界性的真菌病害，给水稻生产造成严重损失。相较于药物防治，抗病品种的培育与应用是控制该病害最为经济有效的方法。然而，田间稻瘟病菌群体复杂多样、杀菌剂过量施用、气候环境变化等因素造成小种变异迅速，品种的抗性往往只能维持 3~5 年。稻瘟病菌通过无毒基因的变异产生新的生理小种，逃逸或抑制水稻的免疫系统，实现侵染致病。目前已在稻瘟菌中鉴定出 26 个无毒基因，其中 14 个已被克隆，其在病原菌的侵染、定殖和干扰寄主免疫反应过程中发挥重要作用，稻瘟菌效应蛋白和水稻抗性蛋白的互作分子机理研究也不断深入。研究稻瘟菌的致病机理及其与水稻互作的分子机制有助于更好地理解病原菌的作用途径和植物抗病基因响应的免疫反应，以制定更高效、绿色的防治措施。本文综述了近年来稻瘟病菌效应蛋白在水稻细胞转运和分泌的过程、效应蛋白与抗病蛋白互作的研究进展和效应蛋白的区域性分布，讨论和展望了当前研究面临的机遇和
挑战，以期为水稻与稻瘟病菌互作的分子机理研究、抗病育种及病害防控策略提供借鉴。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Rice is one of the most important crops in the world, and safe production of rice is related to food safety issues. Rice blast, caused by Magnaporthe oryzae, is a worldwide fungal disease that causes serious losses to rice production. Compared with chemical pesticides control, the breeding and application of disease-resistant cultivars is the most economical and effective way to control the disease. However, the complex and diverse population of blast fungus in the field, excessive use of chemical pesticides, change of temperature environment and other factors cause rapid evolution of M. oryzae isolates, and the resistance of cultivars can only last for 3-5 years. Magnaporthe oryzae generates new races through the mutation of avirulent genes, which can escape or suppress the immune system of rice, causing infection and disease. At present, 26 avirulent genes in blast fungus have been identified, and 14 of them have been cloned, which plays an important role in the infection and colonization of pathogens and in interfering with the immune response of host plants. Further studies on the interaction mechanism of M. oryzae effector protein and rice resistance protein have also been conducted. Understanding the pathogenic mechanism of blast fungus and molecular mechanism of its interaction with rice will help to better understand the pathway of pathogens and the immune response of plant disease resistance genes, to formulate more efficient and green control measures. This review summarized the process of M. oryzae effector protein translocation and secretion in rice cells, the research advances in the interaction between effector proteins and disease-resistance proteins and the regional distribution of effector proteins. And the opportunities and challenges in current researches were discussed and prospected, with an aim to provide references for the molecular mechanism of the interaction between rice and blast fungus, disease-resistance breeding and disease prevention and control strategies. |
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