| 耿新丽1，姚 军1，郑贺云 1，谢 兵 2,3，张秋勤 2，张翠环1，任晓镤 3，王利斌 2，千春录 4.弱光胁迫对不同甜瓜品种果实生理特性的影响[J].广东农业科学,2024,51(1):31-40 |
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弱光胁迫对不同甜瓜品种果实生理特性的影响 |
| Effects of Low-Light Stress on Physiological Characteristics of Fruits of Different Muskmelon Varieties |
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| DOI：10.16768/j.issn.1004-874X.2024.01.004 |
| 中文关键词: 甜瓜 弱光胁迫 碳水化合物 类胡萝卜素 叶绿素 |
| 英文关键词: muskmelon low-light stress carbohydrate carotenoid chlorophyll |
| 基金项目:国家现代农业产业技术体系 - 新疆西甜瓜产业技术体系项目（CARS-25） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 【目的】为揭示弱光胁迫对不同品种甜瓜果实主要品质特征的影响。【方法】研究‘西洲蜜 1 号’、‘早皇后’、‘伽师’3 个甜瓜品种在不同光照条件（100%、42%、23% 透光率）下，其果实不同部位（果梗、果基、果肉）碳水化合物、类胡萝卜素和叶绿素含量在不同发育时期（花后 0、3、7、14、21、35、40、60 d）的变化。【结果】甜瓜果实淀粉、蔗糖、还原糖含量在果实发育过程中不断增加，且在成熟期（花后 35 d）含量最高，其中‘西洲蜜 1 号’淀粉含量最高（10.835%），‘伽师’淀粉含量最低（8.342%）。3 个甜瓜品种果肉和果基部分的蔗糖含量比果梗高，但还原糖含量无差异；类胡萝卜素和叶绿素含量在果实发育过程中增加，但在完熟期（花后 60 d）下降。弱光胁迫显著降低甜瓜果实碳水化合物含量，增加类胡萝卜素和叶绿素含量，其中透光率 23% 处理影响最为显著，‘西洲蜜 1 号’甜瓜淀粉、蔗糖、还原糖含量最高降低了 32.3、29.87、28.02，胡萝卜素、叶绿素含量增加了 19.47、13.98%；‘早皇后’甜瓜淀粉、蔗糖、还原糖含量最高降低了 32.63、25.09、20.24%，胡萝卜素、叶绿素含量增加了 54.74、21.06%；‘伽师’甜瓜淀粉、蔗糖、还原糖含量最高降低了 41.08、32.39、39.1%，胡萝卜素、叶绿素含量增加了 55.20、31.79%。与‘西州蜜 1号’和‘早皇后’甜瓜相比，‘伽师’甜瓜的淀粉、叶绿素含量最低，蔗糖、还原糖含量最高，弱光胁迫下其淀粉、蔗糖、还原糖量下降最为显著，类胡萝卜素和叶绿素含量增加最为显著，表明‘伽师’甜瓜受弱光胁迫影响最大，耐弱光性最差。【结论】弱光胁迫会降低甜瓜果实的商业品质，透光率越低品质降低越严重，而‘伽师’甜瓜对弱光胁迫最敏感。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| 【Objective】The study aims to explore the effects of low-light stress on the main quality characteristics of fruits of different muskmelon varieties.【Method】The content changes of carbohydrates, carotenoids and chlorophyll in different fruit positions (pedicle, areola and pulp) of three varieties (Xizhoumi No. 1, Zaohuanghou and Jiashi) of muskmelon under different light intensities (100%, 42% and 23% transmittance) at different development stages (0, 3, 7, 14, 21, 35, 40, 60 d after blooming) were investigated. 【Result】Results showed that contents of fruit starch, sucrose and reducing sugar all increased continuously during fruit development and the highest contents exhibited at mature stage (35 d ), and Xizhoumi No. 1 had the highest starch content (10.835%), while Jiashi had the lowest starch content (8.342%). The pulp and areola of the fruits of three varieties showed higher sucrose content than that in pedicle, but no difference in reducing sugar content. The contents of carotenoid and chlorophyll increased during fruit development but decreasedat full ripe stage (60 d after blooming). Low-light stress significantly reduced the carbohydrate content, increased carotenoid and chlorophyll contents, and most significant effect was found under transmittance 23% treatment, under which the contents of starch, sucrose and reducing sugar in Xizhoumi No. 1 muskmelon reduced by 32.3%, 29.87% and 28.02%, while contents of carotene and chlorophyll increased by 19.47% and 13.98%, respectively. The contents of starch, sucrose and reducing sugar in Zaohuanghou muskmelon reduced by 32.63%, 25.09% and 20.24%, and the contents of carotene and chlorophyll increased by 54.74% and 21.06%, respectively. The contents of starch, sucrose and reducing sugar in Jiashi muskmelon reduced by 41.08%, 32.39% and 39.1%, and the contents of carotene chlorophyll increased by 55.20% and 31.79%, respectively. Compared with Xizhoumi No. 1 and Zaohuanghou muskmelons, the Jiashi muskmelon showed the lowest starch and chlorophyll contents and the highest sucrose and reducing sugar contents, and exhibited the most significant decline of starch, sucrose and reducing sugar contents, and increase of carotenoid and chlorophyll contents, indicating that the Jiashi muskmelon was affected most significantly by low-light stress and showed poorest low-light tolerance. 【Conclusion】 The low-light stress reduces the commercial quality of muskmelon fruits, and the quality is worse when the light transmittance is lower. Jiashi muskmelon is most sensitive to low-light stress. |
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