| 吴巧芬，夏 科，路 茜，赵志国，仇 硕.台湾榕组培快繁技术研究[J].广东农业科学,2024,51(2):63-70 |
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台湾榕组培快繁技术研究 |
| Study on Tissue Culture and Rapid Propagation Technology of Ficus formosana |
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| DOI：10.16768/j.issn.1004-874X.2024.02.006 |
| 中文关键词: 台湾榕 组培快繁 丛生芽诱导 瓶内生根 移栽驯化 |
| 英文关键词: Ficus formosana tissue culture and rapid propagation induction of cluster bud test-tube rooting transplanting and domestication |
| 基金项目:广西重点研发计划项目（桂科 AB18294026）；广西科学院园艺植物种质资源创新及利用创新研究团队启动经费项目（CQZ-E-1919）；广西植物功能物质与资源持续利用重点实验室自主研究课题（ZRJJ2023-9） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 【目的】建立台湾榕（Ficus formosana）组培高效繁育技术体系。【方法】以台湾榕茎段为试验材料，研究不同基础培养基对台湾榕茎段诱导率和萌芽数的影响；利用正交试验研究不同植物生长调节剂、活性炭及其质量浓度配比对丛生芽增殖系数、生根率和生长发育的影响；最后通过设置不同移栽基质对生根的组培苗开展移栽驯化研究，筛选能提高组培苗移栽成活率和质量的基质。【结果】同样添加 1.0 mg/L 6- 苄基腺嘌呤（6-BA）、0.5 mg/L 激动素（KT）、0.2 mg/L 萘乙酸（NAA），以 WPM 为基础培养基对台湾榕茎段的诱导效果优于 MS 培养基，培养 30 d 后其诱导率达 97.13%，萌芽数为 3.38。正交试验的极差结果显示，NAA 是影响丛生芽增殖的主要植物生长调节剂，其次是 6-BA，丛生芽增殖的最佳培养基为 WPM+2.0 mg/L 6-BA+0.5 mg/L KT+0.1 mg/L NAA，接种 60 d 后，增殖系数达到 5.77，丛生芽健壮；同时 NAA 也是影响丛生芽生根的主要因素，吲哚丁酸（IBA）、活性炭对生根率的影响差异不显著，丛生芽生根的最佳培养基为 WPM+0.1 mg/L IBA+0.1 mg/L NAA+1 g/L 活性炭，接种 60 d 后，生根率达到 100%，组培苗健壮、根系发达、不易折断；组培苗最适移栽基质是河沙∶蛭石∶珍珠岩 =1∶1∶1 的组合基质，移栽 30 d 后，苗株成活率 97.78%，长势很好。【结论】台湾榕茎段经过 WPM+1.0 mg/L 6-BA+0.5 mg/L KT+0.2 mg/LNAA 诱导，再利用 WPM+2.0 mg/L 6-BA+0.5 mg/L KT+0.1 mg/L NAA 和 WPM+0.1 mg/L IBA+0.1 mg/L NAA+1 g/L 活性炭进行丛生芽的增殖和生根，最后由河沙∶蛭石∶珍珠岩 =1∶1∶1 的组合基质进行移栽驯化，是最适合台湾榕组培高效繁育的技术体系。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| 【Objective】It aims to establish an efficient propagation technology system of Ficus formosana.【Method】Taking the stem segments of F. formosana as test materials, the effects of different basic media on the induction rate and germination number of stem segments were studied. The effects of different plant growth regulators, activated carbon and their concentration ratio on the proliferation coefficient, rooting rate and growth of cluster buds were studied by orthogonal tests Finally, different transplanting substrates were set up to study the transplanting and domestication of tissue culture seedlings, and the substrates that could improve the survival rate and quality of tissue culture seedlings were screened.【Result】Under the same condition of adding 1.0 mg/L 6-BA, 0.5 mg/L KT and 0.2 mg/L NAA, the induction effect of WPM basic medium on stem segment of F. formosana was better than that of MS basic medium. After 30 days of culture, the induction rate was 97.13% and the germination number was 3.38. The range results of orthogonal tests showed that NAA was the main plant growth regulator affecting the proliferation of cluster buds, followed by 6-BA. The optimum medium for proliferation of cluster bud was WPM+2.0 mg/L 6-BA+0.5 mg/L KT+0.1 mg/L NAA, and the proliferation coefficient reached 5.77 after 60 days of inoculation, with robust cluster buds. Meanwhile, NAA was also the main factor affecting the rooting rate of cluster buds, and there was no significant difference in the effects of IBA and activated carbon on rooting rate. The optimum medium for rooting of cluster bud was WPM+0.1 mg/L IBA+0.1 mg/L NAA+1 g/L activated carbon, the rooting rate reached 100% after 60 days of inoculation, and the tissue culture seedlings were robust with developed roots, not prone to break. The best substrate for tissue culture seedlings was: river sand∶vermiculite∶perlite = 1∶1∶1. After 30 days of transplanting, the survival rate was 97.78% and the plant grew well.【Conclusion】The best rapid propagation system of F. formosanus is : the stem segment is induced by WPM+1.0 mg/L 6-BA+0.5 mg/L KT+0.2 mg/L NAA, the proliferation and rooting of cluster buds are conducted by adding WPM+2.0 mg/L 6-BA+0.5 mg/L KT+0.1 mg/L NAA and WPM+0.1 mg/L IBA+0.1 mg/L NAA+1 g/L activated carbon, the transplanting and domestication are performed in river sand: vermiculit: perlite = 1∶1∶1. |
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