野生稻单片段代换系苗期耐旱性评价及 QTL 鉴定

廖 冰 1; 黄秀艳 1; 陈 科 1; 傅雪琳 2; 何 平 1

文章摘要

廖冰 1，黄秀艳 1，陈科 1，傅雪琳 2，何平 1.野生稻单片段代换系苗期耐旱性评价及 QTL 鉴定[J].广东农业科学,2024,51(3):70-80

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Evaluation of Drought Tolerance and Identification of QTL in Single-segment Substitution Lines of Wild Rice at Seedling Stage

DOI：10.16768/j.issn.1004-874X.2024.03.007

中文关键词: 单片段代换系干旱胁迫 PEG-6000 野生稻隶属函数 QTL 鉴定

英文关键词: single-segment substitution line drought stress PEG-6000 wild rice membership function QTL identification

基金项目:广东省自然科学基金（2019A1515010820）；广州市科技计划项目（201904010183）

作者	单位
廖冰 1，黄秀艳 1，陈科 1，傅雪琳 2，何平 1	1. 华南农业大学生命科学学院，广东广州 510642；2. 华南农业大学农学院，广东广州 510642

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中文摘要:

【目的】干旱是影响水稻生产力的主要非生物因素之一，筛选抗旱水稻可有效保障水稻产量。【方法】选取以南方野生稻和展颖野生稻为供体、‘华粳籼 74’（HJX74）为受体构建的 93 份单片段代换系（Single-segment substitution lines，SSSLs）为供试材料，以 HJX74 为对照，采用 20% PEG-6000 模拟干旱条件进行苗期耐旱性试验，以 4 个生长发育性状指标（相对苗高、相对苗干质量、相对根干质量、相对根长）作为评价指标，采用隶属函数法对 SSSLs 进行排序、筛选相关性状，并筛选与 HJX74 差异显著的 SSSLs，进行 QTL 鉴定与加性效应分析，初步鉴定与苗期耐旱性状相关的 QTL。【结果】4 个生长发育性状指标与平均隶属函数值的相关性分析结果均为极显著正相关，可作为 SSSLs 苗期耐旱性鉴定和评价指标。隶属函数法分析结果显示，93 份 SSSLs 平均隶属函数值范围为 0.20~0.71，HJX74 平均隶属函数值为 0.54；有 29 个 SSSLs 的平均隶属函数值＞ HJX74 的平均隶属函数值，其中，M124 的隶属函数值最大，表明 M124 具有较强的耐旱性。通过单因素方差分析，从 8 个 SSSLs（M78-1、M78-2、M124、M107、M151、M103、M130、M115）鉴定出 7 个相对苗高 QTLs（qRSH1-1、qRSH1-2、qRSH2-1、qRSH3-1、qRSH3-2、qRSH5-1、qRSH6-1），分别分布在 1、2、3、5、6 号染色体，其加性效应为0.05~0.06，表型贡献率为 6.97%~9.01%；从 3 个 SSSLs（M79、M145、M148）中鉴定出 3 个相对根干质量 QTLs（qRRDW10-1、qRRDW11-1、qRRDW11-2），分别分布在 10、11 号染色体，其加性效应为 0.12~0.20，表型贡献率为 12.51%~19.95%；从 2 个耐旱 SSSLs（M80、X149）中鉴定出 1 个相对苗干质量 QTL（qRSDW5-1），分布在 5 号染色体，加性效应为 0.07，表型贡献率为 10.5%。【结论】筛选出 13 份 SSSLs 携带苗期耐旱 QTLs，为后续苗期耐旱 QTLs 精细定位与克隆研究奠定基础。

英文摘要:

【Objective】Drought is one of the main abiotic factors that affect rice productivity. Rice yield can be ensured by screening drought-resistant rice.【Method】Ninety-three single-segment substitution lines (SSSLs) constructed from Oryza. meridionalis and O. glumaepatula and their recipient parents ‘Huajingxian 74’(HJX74) were used as the test materials. And 20% PEG-6000 was adopted to simulate drought conditions to perform drought tolerance tests at the seedling stage. Besides, four growth and development traits (relative seedling height, relative seedling dry weight, relative root dry weight and relative root length) were used as evaluation indicators. The membership function method was utilized to sort SSSLs and screen SSSLs with relevant traits significantly different from HJX74. Based on the QTL identification and additive effect analysis, QTL related to drought tolerance traits at the seedling stage was preliminarily identified.【Result】The analysis of correlation between the four growth and development traits and the average membership function value revealed that they were all extremely significantly positively correlated, and could be used as indicators for identifying and evaluating the drought tolerance in the seedling stage of SSSLs. According to the analysis result of the membership function method, the average membership function value of the tested SSSLs ranged from 0.20 to 0.71, and the average membership function value of HJX74 was 0.54. The average membership function value of 29 SSSLs was greater than that of HJX74. Among them, M124 had the largest membership function value, indicating strong drought tolerance of M124. Through single factor analysis of variance, 7 relative seedling height QTLs (qRSH1-1, qRSH1-2, qRSH2-1, qRSH3-1, qRSH3-2, qRSH5-1, and qRSH6-1) were identified from 8 SSSLs (M78-1, M78-2, M124, M107, M151, M103, M130, M115), which were distributed on Chromosomes 1, 2, 3, 5, and 6. Their additive effect was 0.05-0.06, and the phenotypic contribution rate was 6.97%-9.01%. Three relative root dry weight QTLs (qRRDW10-1, qRRDW11-1, and qRRDW11-2) were identified from three SSSLs (M79, M145, M148), which were distributed on chromosomes 10 and 11. The additive effect was 0.12-0.20, and the phenotypic contribution rate was 12.51%-19.95%. A relative seedling dry weight QTL (qRSDW5-1) was identified from 2 drought-tolerant SSSLs (M80, X149), and distributed on chromosome 5, with the additive effect of 0.07 and the phenotypic contribution rate of 10.5%.【Conclusion】A total of 13 SSSLs with drought-tolerant QTLs at the seedling stage are screened, laying a solid foundation for further study on fine mapping and cloning.

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