藏猪与杜长大三元猪免疫器官和组织中 Toll 样受体与抗菌肽基因的表达差异分析

李新明 1; 2; 3; 洪 纯 1; 2.3; 黄秋艳 2; 程蕾燕 2; 孟繁明 2; 朱向星 1.3; 唐冬生 1.3; 王塑天 2

文章摘要

李新明 1,2,3，洪纯 1,2.3，黄秋艳 2，程蕾燕 2，孟繁明 2，朱向星 1.3，唐冬生 1.3，王塑天 2.藏猪与杜长大三元猪免疫器官和组织中 Toll 样受体与抗菌肽基因的表达差异分析[J].广东农业科学,2024,51(3):114-123

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Differential Analysis of Gene Expression of Toll-like Receptors and Antimicrobial Peptides in Immune Organs and Tissues of Tibetan and Duroc-Landrace-Yorkshire pigs

DOI：10.16768/j.issn.1004-874X.2024.03.011

中文关键词: Toll 样受体抗菌肽先天免疫抗病性 qPCR 藏猪

英文关键词: Toll-like receptor antimicrobial peptide innate immunity disease resistance qPCR Tibetan pig

基金项目:广东省基础与应用基础研究基金温氏联合基金项目（2019B1515210013）；广东省重点领域研发计划项目（2022B0202090002）；国家重点实验室建设项目（ZQQZ-38）；广东省农业科学院协同创新中心项目（XTXM202203-XT202217）

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李新明 1,2,3，洪纯 1,2.3，黄秋艳 2，程蕾燕 2，孟繁明 2，朱向星 1.3，唐冬生 1.3，王塑天 2

1. 佛山科学技术学院生命科学与工程学院 / 广东省动物分子设计与精准育种重点实验室，广东佛山 528000；2. 广东省农业科学院动物科学研究所 / 猪禽种业全国重点实验室 / 广东省畜禽育种与营养研究重点实验室，广东广州 510610：3. 佛山科学技术学院医学院 / 广东省基因编辑工程技术研究中心，广东佛山 528000

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中文摘要:

【目的】在哺乳动物中，Toll 样受体和抗菌肽基因是先天免疫系统的重要组成部分，在对抗病原体侵袭过程中起至关重要的作用。针对藏猪和杜长大三元猪的 Toll 样受体和抗菌肽基因在不同免疫器官或组织中的表达差异进行探索，以揭示这些基因对于抗病能力和免疫反应的潜在贡献，为筛选抗病分子标记提供理论支撑。【方法】通过 qPCR 对 6 月龄藏猪和杜长大三元猪肺脏、肠系膜淋巴结、腹股沟淋巴结、颌下淋巴结和脾脏中 Toll 样受体基因（TLR1~TLR9）和两种抗菌肽基因（PBD-1 和 PR-39）的 mRNA 丰度进行检测。【结果】在藏猪的免疫器官或组织中 Toll 样受体与抗菌肽基因的 mRNA 表达大多数显著高于杜长大三元猪。其中，肺脏中 TLR1、TLR2 的 mRNA表达量均提高 50% 左右，PR-39 提高 2.6 倍；肠系膜淋巴结中 TLR4 的表达提高 40%，TLR1、PR-39 的表达分别提高 88% 和 3 倍；腹股沟淋巴结中 TLR1、TLR2 的表达提高约 2 倍，TLR9、PR-39 的表达提高 70%，PR-39 的表达更是提高了 7 倍多；颌下淋巴结中 TLR1、TLR2、TLR4、TLR7 的表达均高出 2 倍以上，PR-39 的表达也高出近 7 倍，它与腹股沟淋巴结中的水平相近；脾脏中 TLR1 的表达上升 3.5 倍，与在颌下淋巴结中的表达结果相似。TLR4、TLR9 的表达上升 50% 左右，PR-39 的表达上升 2.5 倍。【结论】藏猪相对于杜长大三元猪，在多个免疫器官或组织中的 Toll 样受体和抗菌肽基因表现出更高的表达水平。暗示藏猪可能拥有更强大的先天免疫能力，能够产生更有效的局部或系统免疫反应对抗病原微生物的感染。研究结果为识别抗病分子标记提供了重要的理论支持，有望为进一步改良藏猪和其他猪种的抗病性提供科学依据。

英文摘要:

【Objective】In mammals, Toll-like receptors and antimicrobial peptide genes are important components of the innate immune system, which play a crucial role in fighting against pathogen attacks. The study was conducted to explore the expression differences of Toll-like receptor and antimicrobial peptide genes between different immune organs or tissues in Tibetan pigs and Duroc-Landrace-Yorkshire pigs, with an aim to reveal the potential contribution of these genes to disease resistance and immune response and provide theoretical support for the screening of molecular markers for disease resistance.【Method】The mRNA abundance of Toll-like receptors genes (TLR1-TLR9) and two types of antimicrobial peptide genes (PBD-1 and PR-39) in lungs, mesenteric lymph nodes, inguinal lymph nodes, submandibular lymph nodes and spleens of 6-month-old Tibetan and Duroc-Landrace-Yorkshire pigs were detected by qPCR.【Result】The mRNA expression of Toll-like receptors and antimicrobial peptide genes in most of the immune organs or tissues of Tibetan pigs was significantly higher than that of Duroc-Landrace-Yorkshire pigs. Among them, the mRNA expression of TLR1 and TLR2 in lungs was increased by about 50%, and PR-39 was increased by 2.6 times; the expression of TLR4 in mesenteric lymph nodes was increased by 40%, and the expression of TLR1 and PR-39 was increased by 88% and 3 times, respectively. In the inguinal lymph nodes, the expression of TLR1 and TLR2 was increased by about 2 times, and the expression of TLR9 and PR-39 was increased by 70%, especially, the expression of PR-39 increasing by 7 times; The expression of TLR1, TLR2, TLR4 and TLR7 in submandibular lymph nodes was increased by more than 2 times, and the expression of PR-39 was increased by nearly 7 times, which was similar to that in inguinal lymph nodes; the expression of TLR1 in the spleen rose by 3.5 times, which was similar to that in submandibular lymph nodes. The expression of TLR4 and TLR9 increased by about 50%, and the expression of PR-39 increased by 2.5 times.【Conclusion】Tibetan pigs show higher expression levels of Toll-like receptors and antimicrobial peptide genes in multiple immune organs or tissues compared to Duroc-Landrace-Yorkshire pigs. It is implied that Tibetan pigs may possess stronger innate immunity and be able to generate more effective local or systemic immune responses against pathogenic microbial infections. The results of this study provide important theoretical support for the identification of disease resistance molecular markers and are expected to provide a scientific basis for further improvement of disease resistance in Tibetan pigs and other pig breeds.

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