| 张 龙 1,2 ，顾 艳 2 ，李静宇 2 ，徐世强 2
，孙铭阳 2
，胡学博 1
，王继华 1,2.穿心莲内酯生物合成与调控的研究进展[J].广东农业科学,2024,51(5):69-80 |
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穿心莲内酯生物合成与调控的研究进展 |
| Research Progress of the Biosynthesis and Regulation of Andrographolide |
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| DOI：10.16768/j.issn.1004-874X.2024.05.006 |
| 中文关键词: 穿心莲 穿心莲内酯 生物合成 调控 环境因素 栽培措施 |
| 英文关键词: Andrographis paniculata andrographolide biosynthesis regulation environmental factor cultivation measures |
| 基金项目:广东省重点领域研发计划项目（2020B020221001）；广东省农业科学院创新基金项目（2024） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 穿心莲内酯是中药材穿心莲的主要活性成分，具有清热解毒、抗菌消炎、保肝利胆等功效，临床上
主要用于治疗小儿肺炎和上呼吸道感染等疾病。近年来，由于环境因素长期影响、品种纯度不高以及优良品种选育
工作滞后等原因，很大程度上限制了穿心莲的品质提升。在穿心莲药材质量评价中，穿心莲内酯的含量是一项非常
重要的指标，通过解析穿心莲内酯生物合成的分子机制及积累规律，有助于提升穿心莲药材质量。该文综述了穿心
莲内酯的生物合成途径与分子调控机制，穿心莲内酯的生物合成主要分为两大阶段，即穿心莲内酯前体的合成阶段
和穿心莲内酯合成的修饰阶段，其中前体合成研究已经较为清楚，但有关穿心莲内酯合成修饰阶段的途径和关键酶
的挖掘还处于空白水平，需进一步研究。通过从环境因素和栽培措施两个层面对穿心莲内酯合成积累的关键影响因
子进行挖掘，有利于建立完善的高品质穿心莲种植体系。此外，对调控穿心莲内酯生物合成的研究进展进行总结和
展望，可为穿心莲药材品质提升提供参考。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Andrographolide is the main active ingredient of Andrographis paniculata, which has the functions of clearing
heat and detoxifying, antibacterial and anti-inflammatory, protecting liver and improving gallbladder. It is clinically used to treat
pneumonia in children and upper respiratory tract infection. In recent years, because of the influence of environmental factors
for a long time, not high purity and good varieties of selective breeding work lag and so on reasons, greatly restricted the quality
improvement of andrographolide. In the quality evaluation of A. paniculata, the content of andrographolide is a very important
index. Analyzing the molecular mechanism and accumulation rule of andrographolide biosynthesis is helpful to improve the
quality of A. paniculata. In this review, the biosynthetic pathways and regulatory molecular mechanisms of andrographolide
are comprehensively discussed. The biosynthesis of andrographolide is mainly divided into two stages, including the synthesis
stage of andrographolide precursor and the modification stage of andrographolide synthesis. The synthesis of precursor has been relatively clear, but the mining of the pathways and key enzymes in the modification stage of andrographolide synthesis is still
at a blank, and further research is needed. Through the excavation of the key factors affecting the synthesis and accumulation
of andrographolide from the two levels of environmental factors and cropping systems, it is conducive to the establishment
of a perfect and high-quality A. paniculata cultivation system. In addition, the research progress on the regulation of
andrographolide biosynthesis was summarized and prospected, in order to provide research reference for the improvement of A.
paniculata quality. |
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