| 李桂花 1
，陆梦婷 1
，符 梅 1
，郭巨先 1
，罗文龙 1
，骆善伟 1
，欧德意 2
，李光光 3.不同菜心品种对软腐病的抗性鉴定[J].广东农业科学,2024,51(6):89-95 |
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不同菜心品种对软腐病的抗性鉴定 |
| Spatial Variation and Distribution Characteristics of Asymbiotic Nitrogen Fixation in Cunninghamia lanceolata, Eucalyptus and Pinus massoniana Plantation Forests - Taking Guangxi Gaofeng Forestry as an Example |
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| DOI：10.16768/j.issn.1004-874X.2024.06.009 |
| 中文关键词: 菜心 软腐病 喷雾接种法 病情指数 软腐病分级 抗性鉴定 |
| 英文关键词: flowering Chinese cabbage soft rot disease spray inoculation disease index soft rot grading resistance identification |
| 基金项目:广东省乡村振兴战略专项资金种业振兴项目（2023-NBH-00-008，2022-NJS-03-001）；广州市科技计
划项目（2023B03J1270） |
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| 摘要点击次数: 44 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 【目的】近年来，随着菜心栽培面积扩大和重茬现象的出现，菜心病害逐年加重，其中软腐病是危
害菜心的主要病害之一，严重影响其产量和品质。通过接种软腐病病菌对菜心品种进行抗病性评价，以期筛选出抗
病品种。【方法】采集具有典型软腐症状的菜心病样，通过组织分离、形态学和分子生物学方法进行鉴定，获得软
腐病病菌。以 52 份不同菜心品种为试验材料，采用苗期喷雾接种法进行接种：用刀片在菜心茎部轻划 2 个约 5 mm
刀口，使用小型手持喷雾器将 1×108 CFU/mL 菌液喷到伤口表面，接种完成后 3 d，测定病情指数和软腐病分级，
评价 52 份菜心品种的软腐病抗性水平。【结果】经组织分离得到分离物，经柯赫氏法则验证菌落形态特征、16S
rDNA 序列分析表明，菌株为菜心软腐病致病菌，在 NA 培养基上形成的菌落呈圆形、半透明、乳白色、中心突起、
边缘平滑，能使菜心的组织腐烂，接种于菜心苗后叶片呈湿腐萎蔫症状。52 份材料中，大多数菜心品种对软腐病
的抗性存在显著差异，其中，高感材料 35 份、感病材料 16 份，整体而言，高感或感病材料占 98.1%；中抗材料 1
份（丰裕 4 号菜心）；无高抗或免疫品种。上述结果表明，52 份菜心品种中抗软腐病的材料较少，这可能是广东
省菜心软腐病发病较严重的原因之一。【结论】52 份菜心品种中，软腐病高感或感病材料占 98.1%；中抗材料 1 份；
无高抗或免疫品种，可为选育和推广抗软腐病的菜心品种提供科学依据。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Abstract:【Objective】In recent years, with the expansion of the cultivation area of flowering Chinese cabbage and the
emergence of repeated cropping, soft rot diseases are increasing year by year, among which soft rot bacterial is one of the main
diseases that harm the yield and quality of flowering Chinese cabbage severely. The study aims to evaluate the resistance of
different varieties of flowering Chinese cabbage to soft rot disease in order to screen disease-resistant varieties.【Method】Samples of flowering Chinese cabbage with typical soft rot symptoms were collected, and the soft rot pathogens were identified
by tissue isolation, morphology and molecular biology methods. Fifty-two different varieties of flowering Chinese cabbage were
used as experimental materials, and the spray inoculation method was used for inoculation during seedling period: two edges
of about 5 mm were lightly scratched on the stem of flowering Chinese cabbage with a blade, and 1×108
CFU/mL bacterial
solution was sprayed onto the wound surface with a small hand-held sprayer. The disease index and soft rot grading were
measured 3 d after the inoculation, and the resistance level of 52 flowering Chinese cabbage varieties was evaluated.【Result】
The isolates were obtained by tissue isolation. The colony morphological characteristics verified by Koch’s rule and 16S rDNA
sequence analysis showed that the strain was a pathogenic bacterium caused by soft rot, and the colonies formed on NA medium
were circular, translucent, milky white, with a central protrusion and smooth edges, which could make the tissues of flowering
Chinese cabbage rotten, and the leaves showed wet rot and wilting symptoms after inoculation in flowering Chinese cabbage
seedlings. Among the 52 materials, There were significant differences in the resistance of most varieties of flowering Chinese
cabbage to soft rot. Among the 52 materials, 35 were highly susceptible, 16 were susceptible, 1 was intermediate resistant, and
no variety showed high resistance or immunization. In general, susceptible varieties accounted for 98.1%. The results showed
that there was a lack of resistant materials among the 52 flowering Chinese cabbage varieties, which may be one of the reasons
for the serious incidence of soft rot in Guangdong Province.【Conclusion】Among the 52 flowering Chinese cabbage varieties,
highly susceptible and susceptible varieties accounted for 98.1%, 1 was intermediate resistant, and no variety showed high
resistance or immunization. The results could provide a scientific basis for the selection and promotion of flowering Chinese
cabbage varieties resistant to soft rot. |
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