| 陈梦仪 1,2，谢江江 1,2,3，黄海英 1,2，陈双艳 1,2，赵 锐 1,2，官锦燕 1,2，张逸飞 1,2.不同光质对彩叶芋再生植株生长和色素积累的影响[J].广东农业科学,2024,51(7):118-128 |
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不同光质对彩叶芋再生植株生长和色素积累的影响 |
| Different Light Quality Effects on the Growth and Pigment Accumulation of Regenerated Plants of Caladium bicolor |
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| DOI：10.16768/j.issn.1004-874X.2024.07.011 |
| 中文关键词: 观赏植物 光质 彩叶芋 再生植株 形态建成 花青素 |
| 英文关键词: ornamental plant light quality Caladium bicolor regenerated plant morphogenesis anthocyanin |
| 基金项目:广东省科学院建设国内一流研究机构行动专项（2018GDASCX-0926）；广东省科学院分支机构专项；湛江
市科技计划项目（2021B01057） |
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| 摘要点击次数: 255 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 【目的】彩叶芋是一种天南星科观叶植物，其叶片色彩丰富、斑纹多样，被广泛用于室内外观赏，
具有较好的经济价值。彩叶芋常在无补光措施的大棚中栽培，其成苗质量和效率受限于天气情况，难以保障商品苗
的生产效率和标准化。光照是彩叶芋生长和色素积累的重要因子，该研究旨在探索适合彩叶芋组培苗的光质类型，
为提高彩叶芋生产效率和商品苗质量提供理论参考。【方法】以白色荧光灯为对照，采用 LED 白光、LED 红光、
LED 蓝光、LED 红蓝白 1︰1︰1、LED 红蓝绿 1︰1︰1、LED 红蓝白绿 1︰1︰1︰1 等 7 种不同光质类型处理彩叶
芋组培再生植株，测定不同光质处理后彩叶芋的叶片大小、叶片厚度、株高、根数及色素含量等相关生长指标，评
价筛选能够提高彩叶芋商品苗质量的有效光质。【结果】与荧光灯相比，LED 红光处理不利于彩叶芋叶片数量、叶
柄粗的增加，分别为 5.3 片和 3.42 mm；不利于总叶绿素含量和叶面相对花青素含量积累，分别为 2.0 mg/g 和 1.0 U/g；
不利于 PS Ⅱ最大光化学效率 Fv/Fm 和实际光量子产量 Y( Ⅱ )，仅为 0.64 和 0.60。LED 蓝光处理有利于彩叶芋植株
增高、叶柄粗及叶柄相对花青素含量的积累，分别为 21 cm、4.6 mm 和 6.1 U/g，但不利于彩叶芋根系数量的增加。
对组合光而言，LED 红蓝白绿 1︰1︰1︰1 处理有利于彩叶芋叶面积的增加、为 98.8 cm2
，该处理下彩叶芋叶面相
对花青素含量最高、达到 8.23 U/g。LED 红蓝绿 1︰1︰1 处理不利于彩叶芋株高、叶柄粗及叶片厚度的增加，分别
为 10.6 cm、3.9 mm 及 0.70 mm。LED 红蓝白 1︰1︰1、LED 红蓝绿 1︰1︰1 及 LED 红蓝白绿 1︰1︰1︰1 处理彩
叶芋叶柄的相对花青素含量均显著低于白色荧光灯处理。【结论】不同光质影响彩叶芋再生植株的生长和色素含
量的积累，LED 蓝光处理在提高彩叶芋株高、叶柄粗及相对花青素含量方面效果最好，LED 红蓝白绿 1︰1︰1︰1
在提高彩叶芋叶面积和叶面相对花青素含量方面效果最好，生产中结合实际情况选择合适的光质配比能有效提高彩
叶芋商品苗标准化生产效率。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| 【Objective】Caladium bicolor is a foliage plant in the Araceae family, characterized by rich colors and
diverse patterns on its leaves, making it widely used for indoor and outdoor ornamental purposes and possessing good economic
value. C. bicolor is often cultivated in greenhouses without additional lighting measures, which limits the quality and efficiency
of seedling production due to weather conditions, making it difficult to guarantee the production efficiency and standardization
of commercial seedlings. Light is an important factor in the growth and pigment accumulation of C. bicolor. The study aims
to explore suitable types of light quality for tissue-cultured C. bicolor seedlings, providing a theoretical basis for improving
the production efficiency and seedling quality of C. bicolor plants.【Method】We used white fluorescent light as a control
and employed 7 different light quality types including LED white light, LED red light, LED blue light, LED red-blue-white
1:1:1, LED red-blue-green 1:1:1 and LED red-blue-white-green 1:1:1:1 light to treat tissue-cultured regenerated plants
of C. bicolor. Various growth indicators such as leaf size, leaf thickness, plant height, number of roots, and pigment content
of C. bicolor after different light quality treatments were measured to evaluate and select effective light qualities that could
enhance the quality of commercial C. bicolor seedlings.【Result】Compared to fluorescent light, LED red light treatment was
detrimental to the increase in the number of leaves and the thickness of petioles in C. bicolor, which were 5.3 pieces and 3.42
mm, respectively; it hindered the accumulation of total chlorophyll content and relative anthocyanin content on the leaf surface,
which were 2.0 mg/g and 1.0 U/g respectively; and it was also unfavorable for the maximum photochemical efficiency of PSII
(Fv/Fm) and the actual quantum yield of photosystem II〔Y(II)〕, with values of only 0.64 and 0.60, respectively. LED blue
light treatment promoted the increase in plant height, petiole thickness and accumulation of relative anthocyanin content in C.
bicolor, which were 21 cm, 4.6 mm and 6.1 U/g, respectively. However, it was not beneficial for the increase in the number of
roots in C. bicolor. For the light combination treatment, LED red blue white green 1:1:1:1 was beneficial for the increase of leaf
area, reaching 98.8 cm2
. The relative anthocyanin content on the leaf surface was highest under this treatment, reaching 8.23 U/g.
LED red blue green 1:1:1 treatment was not conducive to increasing plant height, petiole thickness and leaf thickness, which
were 10.6 cm, 3.9 mm, and 0.70 mm, respectively. The relative anthocyanin content on the petioles of C. bicolor under LED
red blue white 1:1:1, LED red blue green 1:1:1, and LED red blue white green 1:1:1:1 treatments was significantly lower than
that under white fluorescent lamp light treatment.【Conclusion】Different light qualities influence the growth and pigment
accumulation of regenerated plants of C. bicolor. LED blue light treatment is the most effective in increasing plant height,
petiole thickness and relative anthocyanin content in C. bicolor. LED red blue white green 1:1:1:1 treatment is the most effective
in increasing leaf area and relative anthocyanin content on the leaf surface. By selecting the appropriate light quality ratio based
on actual conditions in production, the efficiency of standardized production of C. bicolor seedlings can be effectively improved. |
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