华南地区冬季温室补光对微型月季扦插及生长发育的影响

王　燕 1; 王亚平 1; 赖永超 1; 刘海涛 2; 王燕君 1; 张乐萍 1; 张广燕 1; 王鸿昌1; 黄子锋 1

文章摘要

王　燕 1 ，王亚平 1 ，赖永超 1 ，刘海涛 2，王燕君 1 ，张乐萍 1 ，张广燕 1 ，王鸿昌1 ，黄子锋 1.华南地区冬季温室补光对微型月季扦插及生长发育的影响[J].广东农业科学,2019,46(6):37-45

查看全文 HTML 华南地区冬季温室补光对微型月季扦插及生长发育的影响

Effects of Supplementary Lighting in Winter on Cutting and Growth of Rosa chinensis Minima in Greenhouse in South China

DOI：10.16768/j.issn.1004-874X.2019.06.006

中文关键词: 微型月季补光扦插繁殖生长发育光合作用

英文关键词: miniature rose supplementary lighting cutting propagation growth and development photosynthesis

基金项目:东莞市社会科技发展（重点）项目（2014108101019）

作者	单位
王　燕 1 ，王亚平 1 ，赖永超 1 ，刘海涛 2，王燕君 1 ，张乐萍 1 ，张广燕 1 ，王鸿昌1 ，黄子锋 1	1. 东莞市粮作花卉研究所，广东东莞 520138； 2. 华南农业大学林学与风景园林学院，广东广州 510642

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中文摘要:

【目的】探讨华南地区温室冬季微型月季扦插母株补光对其扦插繁殖和生长发育的影响，为微型月季的商业化栽培提供理论依据。【方法】以一年生微型月季品种粉佳人为试材，采用完全随机试验，补光处理的扦插母株于生长期每天 4：00~9：00 和 16：00~20：00 两个时段给予 50 μmol/m2·s 的 LED 红蓝光灯照射 9 h，对照在自然光下生长，观察补光对微型月季扦插品质和生长发育的影响。【结果】补光处理和对照的最长根长分别为 8.97、8.42 cm，平均根长分别为 7.92、7.64 cm，根系数量分别为 18.5、19.3 条，以上指标两处理间无显著差异；补光处理微型月季扦插苗的根鲜重、根干重、叶鲜重、叶干重、地上部鲜重和地上部干重分别比对照增加 26.55%、85.71%、40.68%、50%、38.37% 和 42.86%；株高为 14.37 cm、茎粗为 2.25 mm、叶面积为 16.74 cm2、节位数 8.07 个，而对照分别为 11.91 cm、1.97 mm、3.49 cm2、6.33 个，二者差异极显著；微型月季的单花花期约为 28 d，补光处理可显著提高盆花的成花率和产量，降低盲枝的发生率，并提早花期约 10 d。【结论】华南地区冬季温室微型月季扦插母株补光可提高插穗扦插品质，同时可提高初花的成花率和商品率，并且提早花期。

英文摘要:

【Objective】 The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of light supplementation in winter on cuttage propagation and growth of miniature rose in greenhouse in South China and to provide theoretical basis for the commercial cultivation of miniature rose. 【Method】 The miniature rose cultivar ‘fenjiaren’ were selected as tested material. A complete randomized experiment was designed with two treatments, namely, supplementary light (PPFD 50μmol/(m2·s) ) and control ( natural light). During the growth period, mother plant with supplementary light were exposed to 50μmol/(m2·s) LED red and blue light for 9 h a day at 4：00-9：00 and 16：00-20：00, to observe its influence on the cutting quality and growth of miniature rose.【Result】 Supplementary lighting did not significantly affect the longest root length and the average root length, which were 8.97 cm and 7.92 cm respectively, and its root number was 18.5. While the longest root length and the average length of control treatment were 8.32 cm and 7.64 cm respectively, and its root number was 19.3. For the three indicators mentioned above, there was no significant difference between two treatment. The root fresh weight, root dry weight, leaf fresh weight, leaf dry weight, above-ground fresh weight and above-ground dry weight of miniature rose cutting seedlings increased by 26.55%%, 85.71%, 40.68%, 50%, 38.37% and 42.86%, respectively. The plant height, stem diameter and leaf area of cutting seedlings treated with supplementary lighting were 14.37 cm, 2.25 mm and 16.74 cm2 respectively and the number of node was 8.07. While the plant height, stem diameter and leaf area of the control group were 11.91 cm, 1.97 mm and 13.49 cm2, respectively, and the number of node was 6.33. The above four indicators of supplementary lighting treatment were extremely significantly different from those of the control. The single flowering period of miniature rose were both about 28 days, and the flowering rate and yield of potted flowers could be increased significantly by supplementary lighting, which could reduce the incidence of blind bloom and could advance the flowering period about 10 days. 【Conclusion】 Results in this study indicate that supplementary lighting to greenhouse miniature roses in winter in South China could obtain better cutting effect, higher flowering rate and higher yield, and the flowering period could also be advanced.

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