| 肖如武，黄楚龙，宗钊辉，王 维，赵伟才，王 军.低磷胁迫对烤烟根系有机酸含量及土壤磷酸酶活性的影响[J].广东农业科学,2021,48(8):74-82 |
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低磷胁迫对烤烟根系有机酸含量及土壤磷酸酶活性的影响 |
| Effects of Low Phosphorus Stress on Root Organic Acid Content and Soil Phosphatase Activity of Flue-cured Tobacco |
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| DOI：10.16768/j.issn.1004-874X.2021.08.009 |
| 中文关键词: 烤烟 施磷量 根系分泌物 磷酸酶 磷积累 |
| 英文关键词: flue-cured tobacco phosphorus application amount root exudate phosphatase phosphorus accumulation |
| 基金项目:广东省烟草专卖局（公司）科技项目（粤烟科项 201910） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 【目的】探讨低磷胁迫对根系有机酸含量及土壤磷酸酶活性的影响。【方法】采用盆栽试验，设置
0 g/ 株（P1）、4 g/ 株（P2）、8 g/ 株（P3）3 个 P2O5 施用量处理，测定根系分泌物、磷酸酶活性、土壤与烤烟
磷含量、农艺性状。【结果】不施磷条件下，土壤全磷含量下降。低磷胁迫下，烤烟有机酸分泌能力增强，其中
P1 处理烤烟旺长中期有机酸含量提高 240.22%，以苹果酸为主，占比在 55% 以上。不同施磷水平对 3 种磷酸酶
活性影响不一致，低磷胁迫下，酸性磷酸酶活性显著上升，旺长期与现蕾期分别上升 148.75%、123.97%；中性
磷酸酶与碱性磷酸酶活性受施磷水平影响较小，相关性分析表明，有机酸含量与酸性磷酸酶活性呈正相关。不同
施磷水平下烤烟磷素吸收积累存在差异，以 P1 处理烤烟磷素含量与磷浓度最低、烤烟全磷含量为 1 019.39 mg，
P3 处理最高、达 1 600.89 mg，且 P3 处理的烤烟农艺形状表现最好，显著优于 P1 处理。【结论】不施磷肥时，
烤烟通过调节有机酸分泌与提高酸性磷酸酶活性，维持生长发育，但农艺性状表现较差；每株施用 P2O5 8 g，提
高了烤烟磷素的吸收能力，但农艺性状与 P2 处理差异不显著，每株施用 P2O5 4 g 在不影响烤烟生长发育的同时
能降低磷肥施用量，可为生产中磷肥的施用量提供参考。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| 【Objective】The study was carried out to explore the effects of low phosphorus stress on root organic
acid content and soil phosphatase activity of flue-cured tobacco.【Method】By using pot experiment, three different P2O5
application amounts of 0 g/plant（P1）, 5 g/plant（P2）and 10 g/plant（P3）were set to determine the root exudates, phosphatase activity, soil and tobacco phosphorus content and agronomic traits. 【Result】The total phosphorus content
in the soil was decreased without applying phosphorus. Under the condition of low phosphorus stress, the organic acids
secretion capacity of flue-cured tobacco was increased. Compared with P3, the organic acid content in P1 treatment increased
by 240.22% in the middle period of prosperous period, and it mainly exuded malic acid, accounting for more than 55%.
Different phosphorus application levels had inconsistent effects on the three phosphatase activities. Under the condition of low
phosphorus stress, acid phosphatase activity had risen significantly, which increased by 148.75% and 123.97% respectively in
the vigorous growing stage period and the budding stage. Neutral phosphatase and alkaline phosphatase were less affected by
phosphorus application levels. The correlation analysis showed that, the content of organic acid was positively correlated with
acid phosphatase activity. The phosphorus absorption and accumulation of tobacco plants were different. Tobacco plants under
P1 treatment had the lowest phosphorus content and phosphorus concentration, the total phosphorus content of tobacco plant was
1 019.39 mg, and the that of P3 treatment was the highest, reaching 1 600.89 mg. P3 treatment had the best agronomic shape,
which was significantly better than that of P1 treatment.【Conclusion】Without phosphate fertilizer, the flue-cured tobacco
could meet the needs of normal growth by regulating the secretion of organic acids and increasing the acid phosphatase activity,
but the performance of agronomic traits was poor. The phosphorus absorption capacity of tobacco plants under P3 treatment was
improved, while the agronomic traits had no significant difference from those of P2 treatment. The application of P2O5 4 g/plant
could reduce the amount of phosphate fertilizer without affecting the growth of flue-cured tobacco, which provided a certain
reference for the application amount of phosphate fertilizer in production. |
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